CHEST:吸入阿米卡星多药方案治疗脓肿分枝杆菌肺病的疗效观察

2021-10-08 小文子 MedSci原创

吸入阿米卡星联合或不联合氨苯吩嗪治疗方案对Massiliense分枝杆菌肺疾病有较好的治疗效果。

脓肿分枝杆菌是结构性肺疾病患者感染的最重要原因之一,其中,脓肿分枝杆菌脓肿亚种(M abscessus,MAB)、脓肿分枝杆菌Massiliense亚种(M massiliense,MMA)是临床上最重要的病原体。脓肿分枝杆菌因具有高度耐药性而难以治疗,抗生素的理想组合治疗方案仍不清楚。

发表在CHEST杂志的一篇文章评价了吸入阿米卡星多药方案对首次治疗的脓肿分枝杆菌肺病患者的效果。

研究纳入20153月至20186月前瞻性观察队列中82名初次治疗的脓肿分枝杆菌肺病患者,给予这些患者吸入阿米卡星联合或不联合口服氨苯吩嗪的治疗方案。初始阶段,所有患者均接受静脉注射阿米卡星、亚胺培南(或头孢西丁)和口服阿奇霉素。在(1)脓肿分枝杆菌脓肿亚种或(2massiliense亚种伴有空洞性病变的病例中联合氨苯吩嗪口服。继续治疗阶段,阿米卡星由注射剂型改为吸入剂型。

研究结果显示,82例患者中,46例(56%)为MMA肺疾病,36例(44%)为MAB肺病。59例(72%)结节性支气管扩张症患者中,23例患者伴发空洞性病变。其余23例(28%)患有纤维空洞病。初始治疗12个月后,治愈53例患者(65%),其中,42例(91%)MMA肺疾病,11例MAB肺疾病(p<0.001)。症状和影像学改善的患者分别为72例(88%)和64例(78%),其中,MMA肺疾病患者改善更显著(症状改善,96% vs 78% [P ¼ .047]; CT扫描改善, 93% vs 61% [P ¼ .002]

结果表明,吸入阿米卡星联合或不联合氨苯吩嗪治疗方案对MMA肺疾病有较好的治疗效果。然而,MAB肺疾病需要更有效的治疗方案。

原文出处:

Noeul Kang, Kyeongman Jeon, et al, Outcomes of Inhaled Amikacin-Containing Multidrug Regimens for Mycobacterium abscessus Pulmonary Disease, CHEST, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2021.02.025.

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    2022-09-15 Smile2680
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    2022-09-03 amy0559
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    2021-10-10 hunizi009

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