PAIN:阿尔茨海默氏病患者长期服用阿片类药物令人担忧

2016-11-15 MedSci MedSci原创

根据芬兰东部大学最近的一项研究,大约7%的阿尔茨海默病患者使用强力止痛药物阿片类药物,用于非癌症疼痛,持续时间超过6个月。三分之一的人群开始使用阿片类药物成为长期使用者,长期使用与阿片类药物透皮贴剂密切相关。该研究结果发表在PAIN杂志上。研究人员发现,阿片类药物在阿尔茨海默病患者中的长期使用与其在无阿尔茨海默病的人群中一样常见。然而,阿尔茨海默氏病患者长期使用透皮贴剂是无阿尔茨海默病患者的两倍,

根据芬兰东部大学最近的一项研究,大约7%的阿尔茨海默病患者使用强力止痛药物阿片类药物用于非癌症疼痛,持续时间超过6个月。三分之一的人群开始使用阿片类药物成为长期使用者,长期使用与阿片类药物透皮贴剂密切相关。该研究结果发表在PAIN杂志上。

研究人员发现,阿片类药物在阿尔茨海默病患者中的长期使用与其在无阿尔茨海默病的人群中一样常见。然而,阿尔茨海默病患者长期使用透皮贴剂是无阿尔茨海默病患者的两倍,而阿片类药物片剂形式在没有阿尔茨海默氏病的患者中更常见。此外,阿片类药物与苯二氮卓类药物长期联合使用非常常见,但令人担忧的是,两种药物都会引起嗜睡。研究人员分析了阿尔茨海默氏病患者从诊断之日起直到死亡或进入长期护理设施中阿片类药物使用的情况。该分析排除了那些进行癌症治疗的患者。

长期使用阿片类药物是非癌性疼痛的一个不确定的做法。其有益的证据有限,与短期治疗相比,不良反应的风险增加。此外,长期服用阿片类药物益处和不利影响的研究在老年人,特别是痴呆症患者中非常罕见。当使用贴剂形式的阿片类药物时,改变剂量和停止药物需要更多的时间,因此需要更仔细的监测。因此医护人员应该定期评估痴呆症患者的疼痛、止痛药的需要,以及与止痛药相关的可能不良影响。

该研究是MEDALZ队列研究的一部分,MEDALZ队列研究包括在2005-2011年期间诊断的67,215例阿尔茨海默病患者,其中13,111例患者开始使用阿片类药物。研究人员为每个患有该疾病的患者都匹配了相同年龄,性别和居住地区的非阿尔茨海默病参与者。该研究数据来自芬兰全国登记册。

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    2016-11-17 lhlxtx
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目的:与健康对照组相比,阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)患者使用更少的止痛药,报道疼痛的频率也更低。这些结果是否反映出AD患者对疼痛的感知减少或无法交流疼痛仍是未知的。方法:为了探究AD患者疼痛相关问题,研究者进行了一项横断面研究,纳入了40名≥65岁的AD患者,其中女性20名,中位数年龄75岁;按性别匹配40名对照组,中位数年龄70岁;比较两组之间对温暖、轻微疼痛、中度疼痛的接触诱发感性热阈的心理生理反应

华人学者重要成果连发四权威期刊

宾州州立大学的科学家和他们的学生,花了无数时间试图解决棘手的研究奥秘,是什么激励着他们这样做呢?宾州州立大学生物学教授陈功(音译,Gong Chen)说,答案是,他们希望帮助缓解患者及其亲人的痛苦。他告诉一群阿尔茨海默氏病患者及其亲属朋友:“我希望帮助那些患有大脑/脊髓损伤和疾病的人。”在2014年10月份阿尔茨海默氏症协会的 Walk to End Alzheimer's Disease会议

J Alzheimers Dis:老年人较低的BMI或可预测阿尔茨海默氏病发生

已知晚年较低的身体质量指数(BMI)与老年痴呆症的风险增加有关,且体重下降也与阿尔茨海默氏病患者认知功能的快速下降有关。 本研究旨在探究临床上正常但却处于阿尔茨海默氏病发生风险中的老年人其BMI及皮质淀粉样蛋白量之间的关系。 采用横断面分析,纳入280名中国老年人,年龄为62-90岁。评估内容包括病史和体检,匹兹堡化合物B(PIB)正电子发射断层扫描(PET)淀粉样蛋白成像,以及载脂蛋

阿尔茨海默氏病与牙周炎——令人难以捉摸的联系

摘要阿尔茨海默氏病是痴呆症最显著的原因和最常见的类型。该病的临床特征是认知功能的进行性退化,首先表现为记忆力减退。其确切的病因及病理生理机制尚未完全清楚。但是目前的推测是,神经炎症在阿尔茨海默氏病发病机制中起着至关重要的作用。阿尔茨海默氏病的特点是有明显的炎症特征,表现为受累的部位小胶质细胞的激活以及促炎症因子水平的升高。研究表明,系统性感染可能会使中枢神经系统处于炎症状态。牙周炎是常见的口腔感染

Biol Psychiat:脑中谷胱甘肽水平——轻度认知障碍和AD的一种新的生物标志物

背景:从现存的活体动物模型和尸检研究的数据表明,阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)的病理与大脑中抗氧化剂谷胱甘肽(GSH)的减少有关,但缺乏直接的临床证据。在这项研究中,研究人员研究了阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)中抗氧化剂谷胱甘肽(GSH)的调制;估计海马(HP)与额叶皮层(FC)中的GSH水平,评估AD、AD前驱期和轻度认知障碍(MCI)的生物标志物的诊断机制。方法:GSH组包括21例阿尔茨海默氏病患者(AD),

J Intern Med:前驱阿尔茨海默氏病的生物标志物研究

关于阿尔茨海默氏病(AD),验证早期诊断的生物标志物、预测AD患者临床结局的生物标志物,一直都是研究热点。 我们对来自IMI WP5 PharmaCog(也被称为欧洲ADNI研究)研究的遗忘型轻度认知损害(aMCI)患者进行了研究,描述患者的临床资料和遗传、神经影像学和神经生理学生物标志物等情况。 研究共纳入了147例aMCI患者,进行临床和神经心理学评估,磁共振成像(MRI)、脑电图