J Exp Med:纤毛丢失在肿瘤代谢及细胞癌变过程中的重要作用

2017-12-18 佚名 上海生科院

12月13日,国际知名学术期刊Journal of Experimental Medicine在线发表了中科院上海生科院(人口健康领域)谢东研究组最新研究论文“Cilia loss sensitizes cells to transformation by activating the mevalonate pathway”。 揭示纤毛丢失在肿瘤代谢及细胞转化中的重要作用。

12月13日,国际知名学术期刊Journal of Experimental Medicine在线发表了中科院上海生科院(人口健康领域)谢东研究组最新研究论文“Cilia loss sensitizes cells to transformation by activating the mevalonate pathway”。 揭示纤毛丢失在肿瘤代谢及细胞转化中的重要作用。纤毛(Primary cilium)是一种以细胞骨架为基础的细胞器, 仅存在于G0/1期的细胞中。绝大部分正常细胞都具有纤毛结构。目前已经报道,在多种肿瘤病人的组织中纤毛发生丢失, 提示纤毛在肿瘤发生中起着重要作用。 肿瘤细胞丢失纤毛的原因及由此产生的生物学功能目前还不清楚。

肿瘤细胞的代谢特征有别于正常细胞。在细胞转化过程中,细胞的诸多方面都发生了变化(如细胞结构和细胞代谢)。正常细胞如何在转化过程中改变自身结构并协同恶性转化机制是目前肿瘤研究中的热点科学问题。甲羟戊酸代谢途径(mevalonate pathway)是生物体内一条合成胆固醇的主要代谢通路。近年来,甲羟戊酸代谢通路和肿瘤之间的关系已有报道。在正常细胞中,甲羟戊酸代谢途径主要收到SREBP家族转录因子的调控。但肿瘤细胞中甲羟戊酸途径的异常活化机制还有待进一步研究。

在这项研究中,邓跃臻副研究员(现为中南大学湘雅医院教授)及其他合作研究人员以胰腺导管腺癌为模型。通过对胰腺导管腺癌临床标本进行分析,发现纤毛在胰腺癌组织中出现纤毛丢失。并且,纤毛的丢失程度与转化后细胞的恶性程度直接相关。进一步研究发现,尽管纤毛丢失本身不足以转化正常细胞,但是细胞在纤毛丢失后对癌基因(例如Ras基因)的转化变得更为敏感,从而大大的降低了细胞转化的“门槛”。在进一步的分子机制研究中,研究人员发现纤毛丢失活化beta-ctaenin/TCF信号通路,促进beta-catenin在细胞核内与SREBP2形成复合物,上调甲羟戊酸通路上多个代谢酶的表达。不仅如此,在胰腺癌动物模型(Pdx-Cre;)及胰腺癌病人组织中也观察到纤毛丢失、甲羟戊酸代谢活化与beta-ctaenin/TCF信号通路活化之间的相关性。在胰腺癌小鼠模型中,破坏纤毛形成促进胰腺癌的早期发生,而该过程可被甲羟戊酸代谢通路抑制剂他汀有效的抑制。

综合上述,该研究揭示了纤毛丢失在肿瘤代谢调控和肿瘤发生中的重要作用, 纤毛丢失通过激活甲羟戊酸代谢从而降低癌基因转化细胞的 “门槛”, 提示他汀在胰腺癌治疗中的潜在价值。 该研究得到了国家自然科学基金委,科技部和上海市科委的项目资助。

原始出处:

Deng YZ,et al.,Cilia loss sensitizes cells to transformation by activating the mevalonate pathway.J Exp Med. 2017 Dec 13. pii: jem.20170399.

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    2017-12-20 axin014
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    2017-12-19 龙胆草

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