Neuropsychology Review:心理所揭示自闭症谱系障碍工作记忆缺损及其影响因素

2017-11-02 佚名 心理研究所

自闭症谱系障碍(Autistic spectrum disorder, ASD)是一系列大脑发育障碍的复杂疾病,表现为执行功能异常、社交障碍、重复与刻板行为。工作记忆是执行功能的主要方面,已有研究探讨 ASD 工作记忆表现,但研究结果不尽一致。

自闭症谱系障碍(Autistic spectrum disorder, ASD)是一系列大脑发育障碍的复杂疾病,表现为执行功能异常、社交障碍、重复与刻板行为。工作记忆是执行功能的主要方面,已有研究探讨 ASD 工作记忆表现,但研究结果不尽一致。

中国科学院心理研究所心理健康重点实验室神经心理和应用认知神经科学实验室副研究员王亚、研究员陈楚侨及团队成员,通过元分析研究对以往 ASD 工作记忆缺损的研究进行归纳总结,探讨可能影响工作记忆损伤的因素。该研究共纳入 28 篇研究,包括 819 名 ASD 个体和 875 名健康对照。结果显示,ASD 个体存在显着工作记忆损伤(Cohen’s d = -0.63),且这种损伤不随年龄增长而变化。此外,在工作记忆类型方面,与言语工作记忆相比,ASD 个体视觉空间工作记忆损伤更严重。在工作记忆认知加工方面,ASD 个体工作记忆的损伤在记忆的维持与维持加操作之间不存在显着差异,即维持和操作在 ASD 个体中均存在缺损,且操作没有比维持的缺损更严重。这可能为今后的干预提供一定指导

研究工作受国家自然科学基金、中科院青年创新促进会、中科院心理研究所心理健康重点实验室、北京百名领军人才和中科院国际创新团队合作项目的资助。

相关研究成果发表在 Neuropsychology Review 上。

原始出处:

Ya Wang, Yi-bing ZhangLu-lu Liu,et al. A Meta-Analysis of Working Memory Impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Neuropsychology Review, 2017.

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    2017-11-04 sunfeifeiyang

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    2017-11-03 xiongke014

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