全球首次!中国科学家利用膀胱癌患者尿液实现“精准治疗”

2019-08-06 唐闻佳 文汇网

复旦大学附属中山医院郭剑明教授团队、复旦大学上海医学院基础医学院代谢与分子医学教育部重点实验室党永军教授研究团队以及美国乔治城大学刘学峰教授团队共同协作完成了一项针对“膀胱癌经尿液无创肿瘤细胞培养与药敏预测”的创新研究成果,该项目为世界首次成功利用膀胱癌患者尿液分离培养出可稳定扩增传代的膀胱癌细胞,为膀胱癌早诊早治及晚期患者药敏筛选平台建立提供了坚实基础。近日,国际知名期刊《蛋白和细胞》刊登这项研

复旦大学附属中山医院郭剑明教授团队、复旦大学上海医学院基础医学院代谢与分子医学教育部重点实验室党永军教授研究团队以及美国乔治城大学刘学峰教授团队共同协作完成了一项针对“膀胱癌经尿液无创肿瘤细胞培养与药敏预测”的创新研究成果,该项目为世界首次成功利用膀胱癌患者尿液分离培养出可稳定扩增传代的膀胱癌细胞,为膀胱癌早诊早治及晚期患者药敏筛选平台建立提供了坚实基础。

近日,国际知名期刊《蛋白和细胞》刊登这项研究成果,复旦大学附属中山医院泌尿外科姜帅副主任医师为该研究第一作者。

膀胱癌是中国泌尿生殖系统发病率最高的恶性肿瘤之一,随着社会老龄化的到来,膀胱癌发病率逐年增长。同时该病复发率高,早期浅表性膀胱癌的五年复发率高达60%-80%,一旦发生进展,预后差,肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者五年死亡率高达65%。

针对晚期膀胱癌患者的常规治疗如化疗等副反应大,耐受性差,同时疗效也有限,即使是最新的免疫治疗反应率也仅为10-30%左右,并且目前没有有效的生物标记物来预测药物疗效。因此,亟需建立药敏筛选平台来指导患者的个体化治疗,其技术难点主要在于肿瘤原代细胞的培养传代与获取细胞的无创化。

据郭剑明教授介绍,本研究为国际首次通过患者尿液无创获取膀胱癌肿瘤原代细胞,并建立大规模的自动化药筛平台,可以在短时间内了解膀胱癌患者对海量抗肿瘤药物的敏感性,真正实现了抗肿瘤治疗的个体化预测。

针对膀胱癌的早诊早治,该研究同样有优势。

姜帅副主任医师表示,本成果可以从基因角度了解每个患者膀胱癌可能存在的基因突变,对其发生的病因进行精准分析。该技术平台可以在健康人群中进行筛查,以期早发现膀胱肿瘤性病变,对建立膀胱癌的预防早期筛查策略有重要意义。

另外,通过早期识别,有助于找到易使疾病“快速进展”的突变携带者,从而让这类患者有机会参加个体定制的临床试验,从初诊即可获得最佳的精准治疗,而不是在“标准方案”治疗下等待疾病的进展。

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    2019-08-06 留走人康

    膀胱癌真怪,明明是免疫敏感性肿瘤,为什么PD-1治疗效果不好呢?难道靶点不对?将来CD47会不会有效

    0

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NCCN临床实践指南:膀胱癌(2019.V4)

2019年7月,美国国家综合癌症网络(NCCN)发布了膀胱癌指南2019年第4版,指南主要内容包括: 指南更新摘要 膀胱癌 临床表现和初始评估 非侵袭性或Tis,初步评估/手术治疗 肌层侵袭或转移,初步评估/手术治疗,额外检查 膀胱/移行细胞癌影像学检查 手术治疗原则 病理检查原则 非肌层浸润性膀胱癌复发概率 膀胱癌:非肌层以及移行细胞变异组织学 术后随访 膀胱灌注治疗原则 化疗原则 侵袭性疾病放

Sci Rep:非肌肉浸润膀胱癌的基因表达分析阐释了Tp53状态和可变剪切本的作用

非肌肉浸润性膀胱癌(NMIBC)由于其具有高的复发率和频繁的跟踪调查,因此是国家医疗健康系统中的一个关键问题。最近,有研究人员在诊断为NMIBC的患者中进行了基因表达分析,从而来确定参与肿瘤起始的分子途径。研究发现,MYC和E2F在NMIBC患者中表达上调并参与了肿瘤的起始和恶化。他们的结果同样支持了可变剪切本的重要参与作用,调控了关键的途径从而有利于膀胱肿瘤的演化。由于MDM2表现出了差异化的外

Nat Med:G9a/DNMT的抑制能够激发免疫调控的膀胱癌退化

膀胱癌在晚期、肌层浸润阶段是致死的,并且治疗的方法非常有限。最近的分子特性鉴定确定了膀胱癌新的(表观)遗传驱使因子和潜在的靶位点。免疫检查点抑制剂具有很明显的疗效,但是仅仅适用于一部分的膀胱癌患者。最近,有研究人员表明了G9a (EHMT2)的表达与膀胱癌不良临床结果相关,并且利用一种新的抑制剂(CM-272)靶定G9a/DNMT甲基转移酶活性能够诱导细胞凋亡和免疫原性细胞死亡。研究人员在4个基因

Neon新疫苗“一箭三雕”连破肺癌、膀胱癌、黑色素瘤

“救命神器”天上来!默沙东无人机完成零下70摄氏度低温药品递送Direct Relief组织宣布,由默沙东(MSD)、AT&T、Softbox和Direct Relief联合进行,使用无人机向偏远地区递送需要低温保存的药品和疫苗的概念验证研究获得成功。这一结果可能代表着生物医药物流创新和人道主义活动方面的重要进步。图片来源:默沙东提供对于地处偏远区域或者发生自然灾害地区的人们来说,由于

Clin Chem:无创检测膀胱癌

目前膀胱癌的诊断和监测依赖膀胱镜检查,这是一种侵入性和昂贵的手术。以往基于尿液检测膀胱癌的研究主要集中在基于表达特定异常的肿瘤的靶向方法上。本研究的目的是通过全基因组甲基化和拷贝数畸变(CNAs)的评估来非侵入性检测膀胱癌。此外,还研究了游离(cf)DNA片段的大小。 研究人员对46例膀胱癌患者和39例无癌血尿对照者进行尿cfDNA的浅深度双端全基因组测序。通过甲基化反褶积、(b)全局低甲基

肌层浸润性膀胱癌的根治性切除与保留膀胱综合治疗

膀胱癌是起源于膀胱尿路上皮的恶性肿瘤,是泌尿系统最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,肌层浸润性尿路上皮癌恶性程度相对更高。目前临床上根治性膀胱切除术同时行盆腔淋巴结清扫术,是肌层浸润性膀胱癌的标准治疗方案,然而因为手术和术后的并发症等,给患者的生活质量带来严重影响,随着患者对于生活质量要求的提高,部分患者开始选择保留膀胱治疗。特邀浙江大学医学院附属第一医院的金百冶教授,就肌层浸润性膀胱癌的临床治疗策略选择进行专