BMJ发表中国研究,粪便中新冠病毒持续时间明显长于呼吸道和血清样本

2020-05-07 医咖会 医咖会

粪便样本中SARS-CoV-2的持续时间(22天)明显长于呼吸道样本(18天)和血清样本(16天)

近日,BMJ刊登了中国研究团队的最新文章《Viral load dynamics and disease severity in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Zhejiang province, China, January-March 2020: retrospective cohort study》,评估了呼吸道、血清、粪便和尿液样本中的SARS-CoV-2 RNA病毒载量。结果显示,粪便样本中SARS-CoV-2的持续时间(22天)明显长于呼吸道样本(18天)和血清样本(16天)

原文链接

https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1443

研究方法

这是一项回顾性队列研究,研究对象是2020年1月19日至2月15日连续被浙江大学医学院附属第一医院收治的COVID-19确诊患者。研究共纳入96例实验室确诊的SARS-CoV-2感染患者:22例轻症,74例重症。数据收集时间为2020年1月19日至2020年3月20日。从这些患者中收集了3497份呼吸道、血清、粪便和尿液样本,评估这些样本中的SARS-CoV-2 RNA病毒载量。

临床特征

表1显示了96例COVID-19患者的临床特征。年龄中位数为55岁(IQR 44.3-64.8)。高血压(36%)和糖尿病(11%)是最常见的基础疾病。大部分人症状表现为发热(89%)和咳嗽(56%)。

表1  入组患者的临床特征

78例(81%)患者接受了糖皮质激素治疗,33例(34%)接受了抗生素治疗。所有患者都接受了抗病毒治疗,包括干扰素α,洛匹那韦+利托那韦,阿比多尔,法匹拉韦,达芦那韦+可比司他。30名(41%)重症患者入住ICU。截至3月20日,所有患者的SARS-CoV-2检测均为阴性,9名重症患者仍在住院,未出现死亡病例。

SARS-CoV-2的检出率

本研究总共收集到1846份呼吸道样本(668份痰液样本和1178份唾液样本)、842份粪便样本、 629份血清样本和180份尿液样本

所有96位患者都是呼吸道样本确诊为SARS-CoV-2感染。粪便样本中病毒核酸的检出率为59%,血清样本为41%。呼吸道样本的病毒检出率在出现症状第一周为95%,随后逐渐降低,到第四周为54%;而粪便和血清样本的检出率在第一周逐步增加,在第三周开始降低。

重症患者的血清样本检出率高于轻症患者(45% vs 27%),但差异未达到统计学意义。轻症患者和重症患者的粪便检出率没有差异。在第10天,仅有一例危重患者的尿液样本呈阳性

不同样本的病毒持续时间

粪便样本的病毒持续时间(22天,IQR 17-31)显著长于呼吸道样本(18天,IQR 13-29;P=0.02)和血清样本(16天,IQR 11-21;P<0.001)(图1)。在呼吸道样本中,重症患者的病毒持续时间(21天,14-30)明显长于轻症患者(14天,10-21;P=0.04)(图1) ,粪便和血清样本的病毒持续时间在重症和轻症患者中没有显著差异(图1)。 

图1  不同样本的病毒持续时间

不同样本的病毒载量

不同样本的病毒载量存在显著差异,呼吸道样本载量最高,其次是粪便样本,血清样本最低。在呼吸道样本中,重症患者的病毒载量明显高于轻症患者。轻症患者和重症患者的粪便和血清样本中的病毒载量无显著差异。

使用局部加权回归分析发现,轻症组在疾病初始阶段,呼吸道样本的病毒载量很大,在第二周达到峰值,随后下降。然而,重症组在发病后的第三和第四周,呼吸道样本中的病毒载量依然很高。在发病后的第三和第四周,粪便样本的病毒载量达到峰值

与病毒持续时间和病毒载量相关的因素

研究发现,抗病毒治疗的类型和治疗时间对病毒的持续时间和病毒载量没有影响。在重症组中,连续糖皮质激素治疗超过10天的患者,病毒持续时间要比治疗少于10天的患者长。对重症患者进行分层分析发现,男性的病毒持续时间明显长于女性,>60岁患者的病毒持续时间明显长于年轻患者。

总结

本研究发现,粪便样本中SARS-CoV-2持续时间明显长于呼吸道和血清样本,这凸显了在预防和控制流行病中需要加强粪便样本管理。与轻症患者相比,重症患者呼吸道样本中SARS-CoV-2的持续时间更长,病毒载量更高,达到高峰的时间更晚。

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    2020-08-19 zhzhxiang
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    2020-06-11 gaoxiaoe
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    2020-05-09 zhmscau
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    2020-05-09 Homburg
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    2020-05-09 zhwj
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2034646, encodeId=e2ee2034646d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=910589408c9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血清样本#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89408, encryptionId=910589408c9, topicName=血清样本)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Sat Aug 15 09:23:09 CST 2020, time=2020-08-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1669443, encodeId=65001669443b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d7b620395d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#样本#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=62039, encryptionId=9d7b620395d, topicName=样本)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f33226554040, createdName=zhzhxiang, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 23:23:09 CST 2020, time=2020-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1849016, encodeId=566118490163d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 18:23:09 CST 2020, time=2020-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1282525, encodeId=9e431282525df, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=700239e0772' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#呼吸道#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=39707, encryptionId=700239e0772, topicName=呼吸道)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e94174, createdName=zhmscau, createdTime=Sat May 09 02:23:09 CST 2020, time=2020-05-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1466918, encodeId=9e26146691893, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=edd5e630426' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#粪便#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76304, encryptionId=edd5e630426, topicName=粪便)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=03cc6863823, createdName=Homburg, createdTime=Sat May 09 02:23:09 CST 2020, time=2020-05-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1503673, encodeId=9a8615036e376, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4f215634296' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#持续时间#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56342, encryptionId=4f215634296, topicName=持续时间)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=13e29684821, createdName=zhwj, createdTime=Sat May 09 02:23:09 CST 2020, time=2020-05-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1027963, encodeId=3df0102e96355, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Thu May 07 14:23:09 CST 2020, time=2020-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-05-07 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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