elife:癌细胞能够吃掉来自邻居的“问候”

2016-03-08 佚名 生物谷

(图片摘自www.sciencedaliy.com) "一开始我们的想法是癌细胞会通过与肿瘤微环境中的其它细胞交流而对自己的代谢机制进行调整"。来自莱斯大学生物分子与化学系的助理教授Nagrath说道。Nagrath教授等人最近在elife发表文章,揭示了细胞间传递的信号对癌细胞能量调节的影响。"这是我们从没想到的结果"。 该结果是Nagrath教授等人4年的研究成果,他的学生们以及来自其

(图片摘自www.sciencedaliy.com)

"一开始我们的想法是癌细胞会通过与肿瘤微环境中的其它细胞交流而对自己的代谢机制进行调整"。来自莱斯大学生物分子与化学系的助理教授Nagrath说道。Nagrath教授等人最近在elife发表文章,揭示了细胞间传递的信号对癌细胞能量调节的影响。"这是我们从没想到的结果"。

该结果是Nagrath教授等人4年的研究成果,他的学生们以及来自其他研究所的合作者们致力于研究外泌小体(exosome)对癌症代谢的影响。外泌小体是蛋白质,microRNA以及核酸的复合体,细胞将其分泌出胞外,从而能够与邻近的细胞相互作用。

Nagrath团队的重点在于研究不同类型的癌细胞代谢谱的差异。

1924年德国化学家Otto Warburg发现癌细胞相对于正常细胞能够通过"糖酵解"过程产生更多的能量,Warburg也因此获得了诺贝尔奖。"Warburg效应"使得科学家们在几十年间一致认为所有癌细胞都依赖糖酵解过程。而Nagrath实验室以及其他实验室研究者们研究发现其中蕴含着更为复杂的机制:不同的癌细胞代谢谱都不尽相同。Nagrath的工作能够更好地解释这些差异对于癌细胞在恶化以及产生药物抗性中发挥的作用。

2014年5月,Nagrath等人发现高度恶化的卵巢癌细胞依赖于谷氨酰胺,如果在外源培养基中去除了谷氨酰胺,能够有效地杀死晚期的卵巢癌细胞。同年12月份的一项研究发现肿瘤细胞会对成体干细胞施压,让其提供关键的营养物质,从而促进癌细胞的生长。

而关于外泌小体对癌症影响的研究于4年前刚开始,最近也有一些新的发现。

"越来越多的证据表明外泌小体能够介导癌细胞与周围细胞的交流",该文章第一作者Hongyun Zhao说道:"一些研究认为外泌小体能够调节癌细胞的代谢,但大部分研究都集中在癌细胞分泌的外泌小体上。我们关注的则是周围基质细胞分泌的那一部分。我们希望了解基质细胞外泌小体能否影响癌细胞的能量汲取"。

Zhao的第一个实验室将基质细胞进行分离培养,提取外泌小体并将其与癌细胞共同孵育。之后,他们观察了癌细胞的代谢变化。结果显示:癌细胞能够直接吸收基质细胞外泌小体中的氨基酸。

"我们的结果表明,基质细胞的外泌小体中的营养物质能够为癌细胞提供能量"。

Nagrath称,他们后续的试验表明了可以根据这一现象设计特异性的疗法。比如,在一些试验中,作者将癌细胞培养物与能够抑制外泌小体分泌的药物共同孵育,结果显示,这一处理能够明显抑制癌细胞的代谢水平。"该现象能够为癌细胞临床治疗提供新的方向"。

原始出处:

Cancer cells eat their neighbors' 'words'

 

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    2016-11-10 clmlylxy
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    2016-10-22 膀胱癌
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    2016-03-13 9294

    外泌体可以多了解的

    0

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    2016-03-10 yxch36
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    2016-03-09 yilibaisha

    这一时间听的最多的就是外泌体了值得关注

    0

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