Journal of Neuroscience:发现乙酰胆碱调控大脑学习记忆新机制

2020-05-19 中国科学报 中国科学报

华东师范大学脑功能基因组学教育部重点实验室林龙年团队,在新研究中阐述了乙酰胆碱调控大脑学习记忆的新机制。该论文近日发表于《神经科学杂志》。

华东师范大学脑功能基因组学教育部重点实验室林龙年团队,在新研究中阐述了乙酰胆碱调控大脑学习记忆的新机制。该论文近日发表于《神经科学杂志》。

学习记忆是大脑最迷人的智能活动之一,快波睡眠时,在海马脑区以 theta 节律为主,该节律也被认为是在表征大脑学习记忆的 “在线” 编码过程。而在慢波睡眠阶段,海马脑电活动则出现短暂的 ripple 节律,它被认为与记忆的巩固过程有关。

乙酰胆碱是脑内与学习记忆功能密切相关的一种化学物质,已有研究发现,在清醒和快波睡眠阶段,海马内的乙酰胆碱水平较高,而在慢波睡眠阶段,乙酰胆碱的含量却很低。为了弄清乙酰胆碱在学习记忆过程中到底发挥怎样的作用,研究人员将光遗传学技术和多通道在体记录技术相结合,实现了在活体小鼠的大脑对中隔乙酰胆碱神经元的实时观测和长达 48 小时的连续记录。

实验结果显示,在清醒和快波睡眠状态,海马脑电呈现 theta 节律,此时的中隔乙酰胆碱神经元的活动水平较高;而一旦进入慢波睡眠状态,theta 节律消失,中隔乙酰胆碱神经元的活动水平也急剧下降,甚至可维持几分钟没有任何放电活动。进一步实验揭示,在非 theta 节律主导的慢波睡眠状态,运用光遗传学技术激活中隔乙酰胆碱神经元,并没有在海马脑区诱发出 theta 节律,反而是抑制了海马的高频 ripple 节律。

这些研究揭示,乙酰胆碱的一个重要生理功能,是在清醒和快波睡眠状态时,抑制高频 ripple 节律的产生,以确保此时 theta 节律能处于主导地位。

原始出处:

Xiaoyu Ma, Yiyao Zhang, Lina Wang, et al. The Firing of Theta State-Related Septal Cholinergic Neurons Disrupt Hippocampal Ripple Oscillations via Muscarinic Receptors. Journal of Neuroscience 29 April 2020, 40 (18) 3591-3603; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1568-19.2020.

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    2020-05-21 lsndxfj
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    2020-05-21 jichang
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    2020-05-21 grace5704
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    2020-05-19 肿肿

    机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要

    0

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