J Path:揭示钙粘附蛋白-11(cadherin-11)活性丢失导致肿瘤转移至淋巴结

2012-03-09 MedSci MedSci原创

肿瘤转移导致90%癌症病人死亡。理解这种过程的作用机制是癌症研究的首要目标之一。肿瘤转移过程涉及一系列连接在一起的步骤,从而使得原发性肿瘤侵袭周围组织,最终在全身扩散。肿瘤发生转移时侵袭的首批组织之一就是肿瘤周围的淋巴结。 来自西班牙Bellvitge生物医学研究所(Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute)的研究人员Manel Esteller领导的一个研

肿瘤转移导致90%癌症病人死亡。理解这种过程的作用机制是癌症研究的首要目标之一。肿瘤转移过程涉及一系列连接在一起的步骤,从而使得原发性肿瘤侵袭周围组织,最终在全身扩散。肿瘤发生转移时侵袭的首批组织之一就是肿瘤周围的淋巴结。

来自西班牙Bellvitge生物医学研究所(Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute)的研究人员Manel Esteller领导的一个研究小组在Journal of Pathology期刊上发表一篇研究论文。他们鉴定出一种解释癌细胞如何从原始肿瘤位点迁移至淋巴结的机制。这项研究已揭示在黑素瘤和头颈部肿瘤(head and neck tumour)病人淋巴结中生长的转移瘤细胞(metastatic tumour cell)丧失钙粘附蛋白-11(cadherin-11)活性。

这种蛋白的正常功能是作为一种锚将细胞固定在特定位点并阻止它们运动。钙粘附蛋白-11基因失活导致这种固定作用丢失从而使得肿瘤细胞“跳跃”到相邻器官和诸如淋巴结之类的组织结构。

这项研究还提出这种肿瘤转移过程能够被逆转,因为在体内和体外模型中,恢复钙粘附蛋白-11的活性能够延缓肿瘤生长并降低产生转移瘤的能力。不过这种逆转性能还需要在临床试验中进行进一步研究,但是它为研究肿瘤转移的生物学特征和如何进行治疗性应用提供一个大有希望的起点。

doi:10.1002/path.4011
Epigenetic Disruption of Cadherin-11 in Human Cancer Metastasis

F. Javier Carmona, Alberto Villanueva, August Vidal, Clara Muñoz, Sara Puertas, Rosa M. Penin, Montserrat Gomà, Amaia Lujambio, Josep M Piulats, Ricard Mesía, Montse Sánchez-Céspedes, Manel Manós, Enric Condom, Suzanne A. Eccles, Manel Esteller

The immune system protects from infections primarily by detecting and eliminating the invading pathogens; however, the host organism can also protect itself from infectious diseases by reducing the negative impact of infections on host fitness. This ability to tolerate a pathogen’s presence is a distinct host defense strategy, which has been largely overlooked in animal and human studies. Introduction of the notion of “disease tolerance” into the conceptual tool kit of immunology will expand our understanding of infectious diseases and host pathogen interactions. Analysis of disease tolerance mechanisms should provide new approaches for the treatment of infections and other diseases.

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