JAMA:定期骨盆检查筛查的意义究竟几何?

2017-04-19 贾朝娟 环球医学

宫颈癌筛查的意义引起很多专业人士的质疑。2017年3月,发表在《JAMA》的一项研究显示,1次或定期的骨盆检查筛查的益处和害处尚无直接证据。重要性:近期宫颈癌筛查的周期变化引发了在无症状女性中有关骨盆检查筛查作用的问题。目的:系统评价US预防服务工作组(USPSTF)对妇科疾病筛查骨盆检查的健康获益、准确性和害处。数据来源:2016年1月13日前发表在MEDLINE、PubMed和Cochrane

宫颈癌筛查的意义引起很多专业人士的质疑。2017年3月,发表在《JAMA》的一项研究显示,1次或定期的骨盆检查筛查的益处和害处尚无直接证据。

重要性:近期宫颈癌筛查的周期变化引发了在无症状女性中有关骨盆检查筛查作用的问题。

目的:系统评价US预防服务工作组(USPSTF)对妇科疾病筛查骨盆检查的健康获益、准确性和害处。

数据来源:2016年1月13日前发表在MEDLINE、PubMed和Cochrane中心对照试验注册库的相关英文研究,并监测至2016年8月3日。

研究筛选:两名综述作者分别筛选摘要和研究。检索共查到8678篇文献;316篇全文文章,9项包括27630名患者的研究符合纳入标准。

数据提取和合成:两名研究者使用USPSTF标准评定研究质量。

主要结局和测试指标:发病率、死亡;除了宫颈癌、淋病和衣原体外,其他USPSTF筛查建议涵盖的任何妇科癌症或疾病的诊断准确性;害处(假阳性率、假阴性率、手术率)。

结果:没有试验评估骨盆检查降低全因死亡率、减少癌症和疾病特异性发病率和死亡率或改善生活质量的有效性。8项研究报告了筛查骨盆检查的准确性:卵巢癌(4项研究;n = 26432)、细菌性阴道病(2项研究;n = 930)、毛滴虫病(1项研究;n = 779)和生殖器疱疹n = 779)。在4项卵巢癌筛查研究中,卵巢癌的低发病率同样导致低阳性预测值(PPVs)和假阳性率,精确度估计方面缺乏精确性(灵敏度范围,0%~100%;特异性范围,91%~99%;PPV范围,0%~3.6%;阴性预测值[NPV]范围,≥99%)。细菌性阴道炎,毛滴虫病和生殖器疱疹的每个诊断的准确性研究是在相当大比例的症状患者的高流行人群中进行的,并且报道了个体体格检查结果的准确性特征(细菌性阴道病,灵敏度范围,69%~79%;特异性范围54%~97%;PPV范围52%~95%;NPV范围79%~80%;单纯疱疹病毒,外阴溃疡:敏感性20%;特异性98%;NPV,57%;滴虫病,灵敏性2%;特异性100%; PPV,100%;NPV,85%)。1年时,因卵巢癌的筛查骨盆检查异常导致手术率范围是5%~36%,最大的研究报告在具有异常结果的骨盆检查的1年内手术率为11%,并发症发生率为1%。

结论:1次或定期的骨盆检查筛查的益处和害处尚无直接证据。在无症状的初级保健人群中,有关常规筛查骨盆检查的诊断准确性和害处的证据有限。

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1985681, encodeId=928819856813b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c514101e5395' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#骨盆检查#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101753, encryptionId=c514101e5395, topicName=骨盆检查)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/22AEC2EC4805C29C6E1DEE6D888DB41C/100, createdBy=7a322500193, createdName=ms1779634646866130, createdTime=Sat Nov 11 07:21:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=188881, encodeId=285b18888174, content=学习一下谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzaiabIFicf63hKvVMjL6aJlx4yX4UcXmzX9DyibCRcicq0QtCRWMaQKh8MYjE1D3EKUBopgiaGWYuqbeR/0, createdBy=0c2b1999806, createdName=三生有幸9135, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 19:10:12 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=188861, encodeId=ec2518886190, content=1次或定期的骨盆检查筛查的益处和害处尚无直接证据。在无症状的初级保健人群中,有关常规筛查骨盆检查的诊断准确性和害处的证据有限。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 18:17:31 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=188858, encodeId=bdda18885861, content=学习了,不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/icyLhIGqru6gIknBJqfuPhQkEvDREF6S2vZq3ZIpUYjdqicKVoAWaJSGoe8xNvS6o6QpmOlh2AQ7xuUpj8NiaDjJJgjbc7Xj3T6/0, createdBy=1c242047915, createdName=daiyaozu, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 17:52:36 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-19 三生有幸9135

    学习一下谢谢分享

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1985681, encodeId=928819856813b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c514101e5395' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#骨盆检查#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101753, encryptionId=c514101e5395, topicName=骨盆检查)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/22AEC2EC4805C29C6E1DEE6D888DB41C/100, createdBy=7a322500193, createdName=ms1779634646866130, createdTime=Sat Nov 11 07:21:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=188881, encodeId=285b18888174, content=学习一下谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzaiabIFicf63hKvVMjL6aJlx4yX4UcXmzX9DyibCRcicq0QtCRWMaQKh8MYjE1D3EKUBopgiaGWYuqbeR/0, createdBy=0c2b1999806, createdName=三生有幸9135, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 19:10:12 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=188861, encodeId=ec2518886190, content=1次或定期的骨盆检查筛查的益处和害处尚无直接证据。在无症状的初级保健人群中,有关常规筛查骨盆检查的诊断准确性和害处的证据有限。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 18:17:31 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=188858, encodeId=bdda18885861, content=学习了,不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/icyLhIGqru6gIknBJqfuPhQkEvDREF6S2vZq3ZIpUYjdqicKVoAWaJSGoe8xNvS6o6QpmOlh2AQ7xuUpj8NiaDjJJgjbc7Xj3T6/0, createdBy=1c242047915, createdName=daiyaozu, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 17:52:36 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-19 lovetcm

    1次或定期的骨盆检查筛查的益处和害处尚无直接证据。在无症状的初级保健人群中,有关常规筛查骨盆检查的诊断准确性和害处的证据有限。

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1985681, encodeId=928819856813b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c514101e5395' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#骨盆检查#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101753, encryptionId=c514101e5395, topicName=骨盆检查)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/22AEC2EC4805C29C6E1DEE6D888DB41C/100, createdBy=7a322500193, createdName=ms1779634646866130, createdTime=Sat Nov 11 07:21:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=188881, encodeId=285b18888174, content=学习一下谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzaiabIFicf63hKvVMjL6aJlx4yX4UcXmzX9DyibCRcicq0QtCRWMaQKh8MYjE1D3EKUBopgiaGWYuqbeR/0, createdBy=0c2b1999806, createdName=三生有幸9135, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 19:10:12 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=188861, encodeId=ec2518886190, content=1次或定期的骨盆检查筛查的益处和害处尚无直接证据。在无症状的初级保健人群中,有关常规筛查骨盆检查的诊断准确性和害处的证据有限。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 18:17:31 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=188858, encodeId=bdda18885861, content=学习了,不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/icyLhIGqru6gIknBJqfuPhQkEvDREF6S2vZq3ZIpUYjdqicKVoAWaJSGoe8xNvS6o6QpmOlh2AQ7xuUpj8NiaDjJJgjbc7Xj3T6/0, createdBy=1c242047915, createdName=daiyaozu, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 17:52:36 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-19 daiyaozu

    学习了,不错

    0

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JAMA:定期骨盆检查筛查是否有用?

最近,关于宫颈癌筛查周期的变化引发了在无症状妇女中筛查盆腔检查的作用的问题。近期,一篇发表在权威杂志JAMA上的文章系统评价美国预防服务工作队(USPSTF)对妇科疾病筛查骨盆检查的健康益处,准确性和危害的相关研究。此项研究的数据来自MEDLINE,PubMed和Cochrane中心对照试验注册,用于2016年1月13日发布的相关英语研究,并于2016年8月3日进行监测。由两位评审员独立筛选摘要和