超声引导下后入路腹腔神经丛阻滞一例

2018-03-24 佚名 临床麻醉学杂志

患者,男,63岁,上腹部增强CT和MRI诊断胰腺结石、慢性胰腺炎。

【一般资料】

患者,男,63岁

【初步诊断

上腹部增强CT和MRI诊断胰腺结石、慢性胰腺炎

【治疗】

接受胰管切开取石、胰管空肠吻合术,术后上腰段背部疼痛未缓解,为持续性钝痛,持续3个月。服用硫酸吗啡控释片20mgq12h,疼痛仍未缓解,VAS9分,严重影响进食、睡眠。至医院疼痛科就诊,行超声引导后入路腹腔神经丛阻滞,注射0.125%布比卡因10ml,疼痛完全缓解10h后又重复出现,继续硫酸吗啡控释片20mgq12h镇痛。1周后,再次相同入路进行穿刺,注射0.125%布比卡因+复方倍他米松2.5mg混合液10ml。治疗后1个月随访患者,疼痛缓解50%,VAS<3分,基本停用吗啡,进食及睡眠情况较治疗前明显改善。超声引导后入路腹腔神经丛阻滞:患者俯卧位,适当垫高腹部,选择便携式超声仪(Edge,Sonosite),采用低频(2~5MHZ)超声探头进行扫描。将超声探头置于棘突连线向右旁开6cm处,使其长轴与棘突连线垂直;并将探头放置于第12肋骨下缘,调整探头,尽量使超声束的方向偏转指向腰椎椎体。此时在超声图像最底部可以显示椎体和横突的声影,此为L2的椎体和横突,在横突的浅面前方见一低回声周围包绕高回声影的类圆形结构,即为腰大肌,在腰大肌后外侧的低回声类似椭圆形的结构为腰方肌,横突后方类圆形低回声影为竖脊肌。在腰大肌前方即为腹腔和后腹膜内的组织,其中椭圆形的低回声结构,随呼吸而运动,此即为肾脏。在椎体前方可见一搏动的无回声类圆形结构即为腹主动脉,穿刺的目标即为腹主动脉的外侧(图1)。常规消毒铺巾后,超声引导下将穿刺针从后方向前内侧穿刺,穿过腰方肌、腰大肌,避开肾脏,穿刺至后腹膜内腹主动脉旁,回抽无血,注射造影剂,X线下显示造影剂在椎体前外侧呈絮状扩散(图2),证明穿刺针尖已经到达目标部位,注射所需药物。




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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1813447, encodeId=a390181344e3f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0ba692e7473' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#超声引#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92774, encryptionId=0ba692e7473, topicName=超声引)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bb182500058, createdName=yuhaisheng_ibp_32061711, createdTime=Mon Aug 06 13:37:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1769796, encodeId=e4d71e69796eb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b3fc92e7516' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#超声引导#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92775, encryptionId=b3fc92e7516, topicName=超声引导)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d66e38113145, createdName=guoyibin, createdTime=Tue Jan 29 19:37:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=304555, encodeId=d1d5304555ef, content=好好学习学习学习天天向上, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Tue Apr 10 20:10:29 CST 2018, time=2018-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=301804, encodeId=542630180434, content=好好学习天天向上好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Sun Apr 01 21:15:35 CST 2018, time=2018-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=299325, encodeId=4ec12993252f, content=阅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/fhZdOu27e88Voqh19n8eF8cLplo8L4nicKtH0WnE3KFELXns5XDu8rsiceK2HHDZc2SEStia5VV3Pia2QLMVqlWbHw/0, createdBy=6e012139475, createdName=神功盖世, createdTime=Sat Mar 24 21:18:35 CST 2018, time=2018-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=299315, encodeId=4e8a299315f5, content=学习了.谢谢病例分享., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=60791943465, createdName=1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Mar 24 20:57:32 CST 2018, time=2018-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1813447, encodeId=a390181344e3f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0ba692e7473' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#超声引#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92774, encryptionId=0ba692e7473, topicName=超声引)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bb182500058, createdName=yuhaisheng_ibp_32061711, createdTime=Mon Aug 06 13:37:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1769796, encodeId=e4d71e69796eb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b3fc92e7516' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#超声引导#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92775, encryptionId=b3fc92e7516, topicName=超声引导)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d66e38113145, createdName=guoyibin, createdTime=Tue Jan 29 19:37:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=304555, encodeId=d1d5304555ef, content=好好学习学习学习天天向上, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Tue Apr 10 20:10:29 CST 2018, time=2018-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=301804, encodeId=542630180434, content=好好学习天天向上好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Sun Apr 01 21:15:35 CST 2018, time=2018-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=299325, encodeId=4ec12993252f, content=阅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/fhZdOu27e88Voqh19n8eF8cLplo8L4nicKtH0WnE3KFELXns5XDu8rsiceK2HHDZc2SEStia5VV3Pia2QLMVqlWbHw/0, createdBy=6e012139475, createdName=神功盖世, createdTime=Sat Mar 24 21:18:35 CST 2018, time=2018-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=299315, encodeId=4e8a299315f5, content=学习了.谢谢病例分享., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=60791943465, createdName=1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Mar 24 20:57:32 CST 2018, time=2018-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-04-10 zwjnj2

    好好学习学习学习天天向上

    0

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    2018-04-01 zwjnj2

    好好学习天天向上好

    0

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    2018-03-24 神功盖世

    0

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    2018-03-24 1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称)

    学习了.谢谢病例分享.

    0

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