Lancet Infect Dis:护士干预助力HIV治疗依从性改善

2017-06-26 顾歆纯 吴星 环球医学

2017年6月,发表在《Lancet Infect Dis》的一项由荷兰科学家进行的多中心、开放标签、随机临床试验,考察了护士进行干预以改善HIV治疗依从性的有效性和成本效果。

2017年6月,发表在《Lancet Infect Dis》的一项由荷兰科学家进行的多中心、开放标签、随机临床试验,考察了护士进行干预以改善HIV治疗依从性的有效性和成本效果。

背景:没有高质量试验提供关于HIV治疗依从性干预策略有效和具有成本效果的证据。因此,研究者考察了与常规治疗相比,依从性改善自我管理策略(AIMS)的有效性和成本效果。

方法:在荷兰科研和非科研医院的7个HIV诊所中,研究人员进行了一项实用、多中心、开放标签随机对照试验。符合纳入标准的受试者为曾经接收过治疗[即,联合抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)≥9个月,且有病毒反弹风险]的HIV患者或未曾接受过治疗并开始他们首个联合ART方案的HIV患者。使用计算机生成随机表,研究人员将受试者随机分配(1:1)至AIMS组或常规治疗(即,包含一系列一般依从性干预策略)。通过治疗经历(曾经治疗vs未曾治疗)对随机进行分层,并纳入护士层面的块随机化,随机排列块大小为4、6和8。参与诊所的21名HIV护理护士,在每名护士看护2~3例患者后,在诊所接受3个阶段AIMS训练,每个阶段6个小时(共18个小时)和1.5小时的加强训练(每个阶段2~3名护士)。在常规门诊期由护士提供AIMS。研究人员进行混合效果、意向治疗分析,以考察5个月、10个月和15个月时收集的log10病毒载量这一主要结局的治疗效果。对病毒载量结果求指数(基数为10)以进行更容易的解释。使用来自7347例荷兰HIV患者的队列数据计算疾病的自然过程,研究人员开发了一个寿命Markov模型,以估算每获得一个质量调整生命年(QALYs)的寿命社会成本的主要经济结局。试验在ClinicalTrials.gov注册(编号NCT01429142)。

结果:研究者在2011年9月1日~2013年4月2日招募参与者;最后1例患者于2014年6月16日完成了研究。意向治疗样本包括221例患者;109例分配至AIMS组,112例分配至常规治疗组。在3个时间点(5个月、10个月和15个月),常规治疗组的log病毒负载(95% CI 1.04~1.52)(估算边际均值44.5 copies/ml[95% CI 35.5~55.9])高出AIMS组1.26倍(估算边际均值35.4 copies/ml[29.9~42.0])。此外,由于AIMS使每位患者寿命社会成本降低了€592,使每位患者QALYs增加了0.034,其具有成本效果(即,优势:更便宜且更有效)。

解释:预备性研究的发现已经显示,AIMS可接受,在常规治疗中可行,且对药物依从性具有可重复的影响。在这项研究中,AIMS降低了病毒负载,增加了QALYs,节约了资源。因此,推荐常规临床HIV治疗中使用AIMS。

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    2018-02-12 howi
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    2017-06-28 fyxzlh
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    2017-06-26 dhzzm

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