Cell Metab:为什么有些人对甜食“欲罢不能”?

2017-05-06 Flora 生物探索

我们都知道,吃太多甜食不利于健康。但是,不少人无法控制“寄几”。相比于其他人,他们更热衷于甜食。为什么有些人无法控制对甜食的渴望呢?近期,一篇发表在《Cell Metabolism》期刊上的文章给出了答案。摄取过多的糖类会对健康造成一定的负担,甚至于增加包括心脏病、2型糖尿病、肥胖等在内疾病的风险。但是,对于那些喜爱吃甜食(sweet tooth)的人而言,拒绝甜食的诱惑很难。这到底是意志力问题还

我们都知道,吃太多甜食不利于健康。但是,不少人无法控制“寄几”。相比于其他人,他们更热衷于甜食。为什么有些人无法控制对甜食的渴望呢?近期,一篇发表在《Cell Metabolism》期刊上的文章给出了答案。

摄取过多的糖类会对健康造成一定的负担,甚至于增加包括心脏病、2型糖尿病、肥胖等在内疾病的风险。但是,对于那些喜爱吃甜食(sweet tooth)的人而言,拒绝甜食的诱惑很难。这到底是意志力问题还是基因作祟?

近期,一篇发表在《Cell Metabolism》期刊上的文章提出了新的发现,为这一难题的解答带来了一些线索。

早在2016年,两篇同时发表在《Cell Metabolism》期刊上文章揭示了一种由肝脏分泌的特殊激素——纤维原细胞生长因子21(FGF21),能够抑制啮齿类、灵长类动物对甜食的欲望,减少机体对糖类的摄取量。当小鼠摄取糖类过多,FGF21会通过血液循环传递信号至大脑,实现对甜食摄入的抑制。

那么,对于人类而言,FGF21激素是否具有同样的抑制效果?该激素浓度的变化是否会影响对糖类的需求?来自于丹麦哥本哈根大学的生物科学助理教授Matthew Gillum和代谢遗传副教授Niels Grarup带领团队试图回答这些问题。

FGF21基因变异,对甜食的喜好会增加20%

Gillum团队以一项涉及6500名丹麦人的研究项目“Inter99”为切入点,分析了该项目中记录的各项数据,包括参与者的个人信息、新陈代谢、生活方式、饮食结构以及他们的胆固醇、血糖水平指标。此外,他们还分析了基因组数据,以确定参与者是否携带变异的FGF21基因。

结果显示,携带两种FGF21变异基因(rs838133和rs838145)的个体对甜食的喜好程度比其他人高出20%。

这意味着,FGF21基因变异与嗜甜有很大的关联性。此外,他们还发现,这些变异与烟酒也存在相关性,但是具体的联系还需要更多的研究来具体证实。



相比于喜好甜食的人,其他人空腹时FGF21激素水平高出50%

研究团队招募了86位“年轻、健康、苗条”的参与者,试图验证空腹时FGF21水平与甜食倾向之间的关联。

参与者需要填写一份调查问卷(评估他们对甜食的喜好)。参与者禁食12小时后,研究人员立即测量他们血液中FGF21的水平。随后,参与者会摄取含糖量等同于两罐可乐的食物,5小时后继续监测他们血液中的激素水平。

结果发现,禁食后,相比于喜欢甜食的人,不喜好甜食的人体内FGF21激素浓度高出50%。摄取甜食后,大家体内的FGF21激素水平又上升至相同水平。

下一步,研究团队计划开展更大规模的研究,以验证FGF21分泌水平下降/身高对饮食的影响,从而理解该激素与多种代谢类疾病之间的关联。

原始出处:

Susanna Soberg, Camilla H. Sandholt,et al. FGF21 Is a Sugar-Induced Hormone Associated with Sweet Intake and Preference in Humans. Cell Metabolism. 2017 May 2.

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    2017-10-08 一闲
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level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/udqvoAsWtvRVficPKOpMh4M31O9bJ8jMiaUHAheeNpIqMapC8mUnBWfEskrcVjofbicWU4icRD6vFvVeEYlPmSbXELickazEGVFYO/0, createdBy=24741603767, createdName=医艺依意, createdTime=Sun May 07 07:46:27 CST 2017, time=2017-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=194830, encodeId=be0719483007, content=从小爱吃甜食,习惯养成, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7cJ6ejWUr2nIia8qOvAKNdLHr32Df6G8iaoaOx6pHaoiacwp26DaslxZHCGbibZhhCGven4rvmWP60GahtzgFjgCjR/0, createdBy=6b111703011, createdName=有备才能无患, createdTime=Sun May 07 06:50:14 CST 2017, time=2017-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=194735, 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    2018-04-21 guojianrong
  4. 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    2017-08-01 维他命
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    2017-09-13 zhwj
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    2017-05-08 184****9840

    对甜食的渴望是人类的本能。

    0

  7. 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createdName=一闲, createdTime=Sun Oct 08 23:07:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1887626, encodeId=da83188e6268d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d56611584ec' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Meta#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11584, encryptionId=d56611584ec, topicName=Meta)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8f4110, createdName=guojianrong, createdTime=Sat Apr 21 13:07:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1960205, encodeId=93631960205ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Tue Aug 01 15:07:00 CST 2017, time=2017-08-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1654992, encodeId=18911654992e7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=65dd68863f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#甜食#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68863, encryptionId=65dd68863f5, topicName=甜食)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d51724597682, createdName=zhwj, createdTime=Wed Sep 13 09:07:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=195290, encodeId=7701195290fd, content=对甜食的渴望是人类的本能。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5Kzuf9u71gZhPYMiajRtENwicoAABeQtfXOlic8ibhYSy6DvJZWUDVtjRvTfqBffr1XJ6JLtFB5kHicthl/0, createdBy=d41c2055892, createdName=184****9840, createdTime=Mon May 08 07:43:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=195059, encodeId=f74a195059c2, content=这文章思路清晰, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuK9CDibOwszLoEBg36ZXqzB5NDasNV9GTfFDmBicM1V8hUS4OtTicG3IiaFIKq4wqD23LUxORRJXqjVs/0, createdBy=00e81647535, createdName=I come, createdTime=Sun May 07 16:43:06 CST 2017, time=2017-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=194871, encodeId=a06e1948e17f, content=谢谢分享,有意思的研究, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/udqvoAsWtvRVficPKOpMh4M31O9bJ8jMiaUHAheeNpIqMapC8mUnBWfEskrcVjofbicWU4icRD6vFvVeEYlPmSbXELickazEGVFYO/0, createdBy=24741603767, createdName=医艺依意, createdTime=Sun May 07 07:46:27 CST 2017, time=2017-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=194830, encodeId=be0719483007, content=从小爱吃甜食,习惯养成, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7cJ6ejWUr2nIia8qOvAKNdLHr32Df6G8iaoaOx6pHaoiacwp26DaslxZHCGbibZhhCGven4rvmWP60GahtzgFjgCjR/0, createdBy=6b111703011, createdName=有备才能无患, createdTime=Sun May 07 06:50:14 CST 2017, time=2017-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=194735, encodeId=539b194e35f3, content=对甜的渴求是生理性的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Sun May 07 00:24:11 CST 2017, time=2017-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-07 I come

    这文章思路清晰

    0

  8. 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level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/udqvoAsWtvRVficPKOpMh4M31O9bJ8jMiaUHAheeNpIqMapC8mUnBWfEskrcVjofbicWU4icRD6vFvVeEYlPmSbXELickazEGVFYO/0, createdBy=24741603767, createdName=医艺依意, createdTime=Sun May 07 07:46:27 CST 2017, time=2017-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=194830, encodeId=be0719483007, content=从小爱吃甜食,习惯养成, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7cJ6ejWUr2nIia8qOvAKNdLHr32Df6G8iaoaOx6pHaoiacwp26DaslxZHCGbibZhhCGven4rvmWP60GahtzgFjgCjR/0, createdBy=6b111703011, createdName=有备才能无患, createdTime=Sun May 07 06:50:14 CST 2017, time=2017-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=194735, encodeId=539b194e35f3, content=对甜的渴求是生理性的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Sun May 07 00:24:11 CST 2017, time=2017-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-07 医艺依意

    谢谢分享,有意思的研究

    0

  9. 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level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/udqvoAsWtvRVficPKOpMh4M31O9bJ8jMiaUHAheeNpIqMapC8mUnBWfEskrcVjofbicWU4icRD6vFvVeEYlPmSbXELickazEGVFYO/0, createdBy=24741603767, createdName=医艺依意, createdTime=Sun May 07 07:46:27 CST 2017, time=2017-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=194830, encodeId=be0719483007, content=从小爱吃甜食,习惯养成, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7cJ6ejWUr2nIia8qOvAKNdLHr32Df6G8iaoaOx6pHaoiacwp26DaslxZHCGbibZhhCGven4rvmWP60GahtzgFjgCjR/0, createdBy=6b111703011, createdName=有备才能无患, createdTime=Sun May 07 06:50:14 CST 2017, time=2017-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=194735, encodeId=539b194e35f3, content=对甜的渴求是生理性的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Sun May 07 00:24:11 CST 2017, time=2017-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-07 有备才能无患

    从小爱吃甜食,习惯养成

    0

  10. 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    2017-05-07 130****4638

    对甜的渴求是生理性的

    0

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