Euro Radio:如何无创获得弥漫性胶质瘤的分子亚型?影像学有话说!

2021-12-26 shaosai MedSci原创

弥漫性胶质瘤是原发性恶性脑肿瘤中最具侵略性的一种,死亡率极高。

弥漫性胶质瘤是原发性恶性脑肿瘤中最具侵略性的一种,死亡率极高。在2016年修订的WHO分类系统中,弥漫性胶质瘤现在包括五个分子亚型。(I)少突胶质瘤和无活力少突胶质瘤,IDH-mut和1p19q共同删除;(II)弥漫性和无活力星形细胞瘤,IDH-mut;(III)弥漫性和无活力星形细胞瘤,IDH-野生型(wt);(IV)胶质母细胞瘤(GBM),IDH-mut;以及(V)GBM,IDH-wt。亚型I、II和III为低级别胶质母细胞瘤(LGG)。新的分类系统大大提高了对患者预后的预测和对个体化治疗的指导。
影像学是临床实践中最要的评估手段之一,是医学科学的一个重要方面。计算技术的进步促进了放射组学的发展。在放射组学中,带有生物信息的医学图像被转化为可进一步分析的高维数据(即预定的定量特征)。深度卷积神经网络(DCNN)使用卷积层的堆叠(从几层到100多层不等)来学习输入图像数据的不同抽象层次。与传统技术相比,DCNN在众多医学图像分析应用中取得了出色的表现。
近日,发表在European Radiology杂志的一项研究开发了基于放射组学和基于DCNN的预测弥漫性胶质瘤分子亚型的评估系统,探讨了放射组学和DCNN特征之间的相关性,为弥漫性胶质瘤的无创准确分型提供了技术支持。
本研究从北京天坛医院回顾性地收集了总共1016名弥漫性胶质瘤患者的数据。患者被随机分为训练集(n = 780)和验证集(n = 236)。根据2016年WHO的分类,弥漫性胶质瘤可分为四个二元分类任务(任务I-IV)。分别开发了基于放射组学和深度卷积神经网络(DCNN)的预测模型,并用ROC曲线比较其性能。此外,放射组学和DCNN的特征被可视化,并与t分布的随机嵌入技术和Spearman的相关测试进行比较。 
在训练集中,DCNN模型的曲线下面积(AUC)在所有任务中都优于放射组学模型,DCNN模型的准确度(从0.90到0.94)在任务I、II和III中优于放射组学模型。在独立验证集中,DCNN模型的准确度在所有任务中都优于放射组学模型(0.74-0.83),DCNN模型的AUCs(0.85-0.89)在任务I、II和III中优于放射组学模型。在特征可视化分析中,DCNN特征表现出比放射组学特征更优越的鉴别能力,而它们的一般相关性很弱。

图 在四个分类任务中,LASSO选择的放射组学特征和前128个DCNN特征之间的相关性的Circos可视化(A-D)。计算了放射组学和DCNN特征之间的Spearman等级相关系数(用𝜌表)。当𝜌的绝对值>0.5时,放射组学和DCNN特征对具有相关性,并以黄线连接。
本项研究表明,放射组学和深度学习的机器学习模型可以有效预测弥漫性胶质瘤的分子亚型。DCNN模型在大多数情况下优于放射组学模型,表明深度学习在弥漫性胶质瘤的分子亚型中的应用前景广阔。此外,深度学习提取的特征比放射组学特征表现出更优越的鉴别能力和稳定性,这表明用深度学习定制特征的时代正在到来。
 原文出处:
Yiming Li,Dong Wei,Xing Liu,et al.Molecular subtyping of diffuse gliomas using magnetic resonance imaging: comparison and correlation between radiomics and deep learning.DOI:10.1007/s00330-021-08237-6

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