发病率更高的骨肿瘤样病损

2017-11-20 MedSci MedSci原创

该病是一种罕见的病因不明的慢性进行性骨病变,以骨小梁被纤维组织逐渐取代为特点的自限性良性骨疾病。男女之比为1.1∶1。发病多在10岁左右,但就诊常在青年期,合并内分泌紊乱者3~4岁发病,甚至在初生后即有症状。 病史: 患者为一24岁年轻女性,平素体健,否认其他病史、手术史或过敏史。 患者5年前无明显诱因下在家中出现右侧胸背部钝痛,上肢活动牵拉时加重,无咳嗽、咳痰及痰中带血,无午后低热,无

梅斯医生推广封面 20171120

该病是一种罕见的病因不明的慢性进行性骨病变,以骨小梁被纤维组织逐渐取代为特点的自限性良性骨疾病。男女之比为1.1∶1。发病多在10岁左右,但就诊常在青年期,合并内分泌紊乱者3~4岁发病,甚至在初生后即有症状。

病史:

患者为一24岁年轻女性,平素体健,否认其他病史、手术史或过敏史。

患者5年前无明显诱因下在家中出现右侧胸背部钝痛,上肢活动牵拉时加重,无咳嗽、咳痰及痰中带血,无午后低热,无畏寒、发热,无盗汗、乏力,无头晕、头痛,无恶心、呕吐,无腹痛、腹胀等不适,患者1周前就诊于当地医院,行胸部CT示:右侧第5肋骨局限性膨胀,髓内密度增高。为求进一步诊治转入我院。

查体:

患者自动体位,神志清楚、查体合作,双肺叩诊呈清音,听诊及双肺呼吸音清,未闻及干湿性啰音及胸膜摩擦音。心前区无隆起及凹陷,心界无扩大,心率80次/分,节律规整,各瓣膜听诊区无闻及病理性杂音。右侧胸背部钝痛,上肢活动牵拉时加重,无压痛等,气管居中,胸廓对称无畸形,双侧胸廓呼吸动度相等,触诊语颤相等,双侧锁骨上淋巴结未触及明显肿大。脊柱无畸形,四肢无畸形,双下肢无水肿。双下肢足背动脉搏动正常。神经查体无殊。

辅助检查:

胸片:右侧第5肋骨局限性膨胀,髓内密度增高

胸部CT+重建:双肺未见异常密度,气管及主支气管通畅,纵隔肺门未经肿大淋巴结,胸腔未见积液。所见右侧第5肋骨整体不规整,走形迂曲,骨质成不规则膨胀性改变。膨胀区密度不均匀,骨皮质变薄,骨皮质尚完整,周围软组织未见异常。

血常规:白细胞计数8.23 10^9/L、血红蛋白148.0 g/L、血小板计数207 10^9/L

大生化:谷丙转氨酶19.70 U/L、谷草转氨酶23.60 U/L、尿素7.80 mmol/L、肌酐78.00 umol/L

简要解析:

该病好发于儿童和青年,女性多见。颅面骨、骨盆、长骨、肋骨为好发部位,其次为腓骨、肱骨、桡骨和尺骨等,可累及单一骨骼或多处骨骼,部分多骨型可伴有内分泌症状,可引起骨软化、畸形及发生病理骨折。此病临床表现为缓慢进行性、呈膨胀性的局部骨性肿块,侵蚀骨皮质,肿块可压迫邻近器官、组织,从而出现局部骨区畸形、肿胀、疼痛等不同临床表现。该病一般行X线检查为主,主要表现为病变骨磨玻璃样改变、囊状膨胀性改变、丝瓜状改变、虫蚀样改变或骨硬化,还有钙化、畸形甚至恶变可能。磨玻璃状改变是最为常见的特征性X线表现,为病变中纤维组织直接化生为不成熟的骨小梁(即纤维性成骨),呈均匀一致性密度增高,多见于管状骨和面骨,其他骨内病变很少出现这种现象,因此它是诊断本病最重要的征象。

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    2017-11-22 jyzxjiangqin

    发病率最高的骨肿瘤样病损.

    0

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    2017-11-21 戒馋,懒,贪

    谢谢分享学习了

    0

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    2017-11-21 明天会更好!

    学习了.谢谢分享!

    0

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    2017-11-20 有备才能无患

    该病是一种罕见的病因不明的慢性进行性骨病变.以骨小梁被纤维组织逐渐取代为特点的自限性良性骨疾病.男女之比为1.1∶1.发病多在10岁左右.但就诊常在青年期.合并内分泌紊乱者3-4岁发病.甚至在初生后即有症状.

    0

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    2017-11-20 1e1850b7m51(暂无匿称)

    学习

    0

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