Genet Med:构建数学模型,评估全基因测序的疾病防治效果和成本效果

2019-04-21 不详 西安交大公卫学院

近些年来基因组测序技术得到快速发展,很多致病风险基因被陆续发现,针对全民进行基因组普查是否能够实现早期预防、早诊早治并具有较高的经济效益是亟待解决的热点问题。基于此,西安交大公共卫生学院张磊教授构建了数学模型,评估了针对澳大利亚18-25岁人群7种疾病进行全基因测序的疾病防治效果和成本效果。近日,该研究成果“Population genomic screening of all young adu

近些年来基因组测序技术得到快速发展,很多致病风险基因被陆续发现,针对全民进行基因组普查是否能够实现早期预防、早诊早治并具有较高的经济效益是亟待解决的热点问题。基于此,西安交大公共卫生学院张磊教授构建了数学模型,评估了针对澳大利亚18-25岁人群7种疾病进行全基因测序的疾病防治效果和成本效果。近日,该研究成果“Population genomic screening of all young adults in a health-care system: a cost-effectiveness analysis”在Genetics in Medicine杂志发表。

该研究将待查的7种疾病分为两组:第一组是乳腺癌卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌和直肠癌,测BRCA1/2、MLH1/2等易感基因,反映受试者个体的患病风险,同时给予特定的预防和体检措施以便早诊早治;第二组是囊胞性纤维症、脊髓性肌萎缩症、脆性X综合症,对这些致病基因携带者进行生育规划建议和产前检测,尽可能避免患儿的出生。研究显示,对全民进行全基因筛查与当前仅对高危人群做基因检测相比,可使第一组疾病的发病率和死亡率分别降低28.8%和31.2%,使第二组疾病的发病率降低24.8%;基因组普查具有较高的成本效果(每避免一个伤残调整寿命年需4038澳元),且若每次基因组检测成本从400澳元降到200澳元,则从长期来看基因组普查能节约总成本(cost-saving);每次只检测单基因并不合算,同时检测多基因多病种,成本效果才会大幅提升。上述结果表明在澳大利亚进行全民基因组普查具有较高的经济价值,为卫生部门制定政策提供重要依据,也为其他国家提供了有价值的参考。

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    2019-06-30 江川靖瑶
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    2020-02-16 cy0324
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    2020-03-16 canlab
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    2019-04-21 CHANGE

    疗效只是效果的众多方面之一,还要看对患者的获益,包括生活质量等因素共同决定效果的

    0

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    2019-04-21 CHANGE

    梅斯里提供了很多疾病的模型计算公式,赞一个!

    0

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