Leukemia:LSD1有望称为治愈MDS相关白血病的靶点!

2018-01-15 MedSci MedSci原创

NCD38能对异常情况下被LSD1沉默的造血调节因子的超强启动子去抑制,从而延迟白血病进程,发挥抗白血病的作用,抑制MDS相关白血病的不良预后。

组蛋白修饰是调节血液系统自我更新和分化主要方式。表观遗传失调会造成髓系恶性疾病,例如骨髓异常增生综合征和急性髓系白血病。而表观遗传修饰的主要方式是组蛋白的转录后调控。组蛋白乙酰化通常能够激活转录,然而组蛋白的赖氨酸甲基化对基因表达促进和抑制主要由特异性的赖氨酸残基以及甲基组分的数量决定。并且在基因组不同位置的组蛋白有不同的意义。例如,H3K4me3表示靠近转录起始位点的激活启动子,然而H3K4me1表示增强元件与基因本体距离较远。而H3K4me2既能标记启动子也能标记增强子。

LSD1(Lysine-specific demethylase 1)是最早发现的组蛋白赖氨酸去甲基化酶,并且能够对H3K4me1和H3K4me2去甲基化,但是不能对H3K4me3去甲基化。LSD1能够分别与HDAC1或者HDAC1,以及转录因子共同抑制因子RE1一起形成转录抑制复合体。大鼠造血系细胞缺失Lsd1可导致Lsd1靶向的基因H3K27ac水平上升。并且在多种白血病中,LSD1的表达水平均发生明显的上升。

LSD1有望成为治愈特异基因异常的急性白血病的靶位点。新LSD1抑制剂,NCD25和NCD38,在一定的浓度范围内能够抑制MLL-AF9白血病,红白血病,巨核细胞白血病和骨髓异常增生综合征细胞的生长从而促进正常造血过程。NCD25和NCD38能够协助髓系细胞发育,并且抑制MDS和AML原癌过程,以及阻碍62种白血病相关基因在多种白血病中表达上升。

NCD38能提高LSD1标记基因和新激活的约500个超级增强子的H3K27ac水平。红白血病的白细胞分化过程中富集的基因主要由超级增强子激活。有11个基因,包括GF1,ERG但是不包括CEBPA,被认为是有LSD1修饰的超级增强子激活的。这些基因的超级增强子在诱导转录和髓系分化时已经提前被激活。在敲除GFI1的白血病细胞中, NCD38能延迟髓系的分化。在体内仅仅使用NCD38就能够引起原始伴复杂核型的MDS相关白血病细胞死亡。总之,NCD38能对异常情况下被LSD1沉默的造血调节因子的超强启动子去抑制,从而延迟白血病进程,发挥抗白血病的作用,抑制MDS相关白血病的不良预后。

原文出处:Sugino N, Kawahara M, Tatsumi G, et al. A novel LSD1 inhibitor NCD38 ameliorates MDS-related leukemia with complex karyotype by attenuating leukemia programs via activating super-enhancers[J]. Leukemia, 2017.doi:10.1038/leu.2017.59

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    2018-10-13 d830372
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    2018-01-28 大爰

    学习了谢谢分享!!

    0

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    2018-01-16 大爰

    学习了谢谢分享!!

    0

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既往研究认为印记畸变在肿瘤中十分常见。为了了解印记在癌症发生发展中的作用,研究人员对280多个癌细胞株的拷贝数和甲基化进行了表征,并在原发性肿瘤中证实了研究人员的发现。印迹差异甲基化区域(DMR)以顺式调节相邻转录物亲本来源的单等位基因的表达。与可能易于发生高甲基化的单拷贝CpG岛不同,印记的DMRs可能在肿瘤发生过程中松动或增加甲基化。本研究中,研究人员发现,印记的DMR的甲基化谱通常不代表真正