Nat Gene:发现两种罕见骨肿瘤的特异性突变基因

2013-10-29 佚名 生物无忧

研究人员发现两种基因分别诱导产生的两种特异性突变肿瘤。这两种突变分别100%出现于两种罕见骨肿瘤中:成软骨细胞瘤和骨巨细胞瘤。【原文下载】 成软骨细胞瘤和骨巨细胞瘤作为两种良性骨肿瘤主要分别影响青少年和青壮年。这两种肿瘤都能发展成衰弱性肿瘤并在手术后仍然复发。很显然,这两种肿瘤很难从高度恶性骨肿瘤中区分开来。这项研究中发现的突变或许可以帮助诊断成软骨细胞瘤和骨巨细胞瘤

研究人员发现两种基因分别诱导产生的两种特异性突变肿瘤。这两种突变分别100%出现于两种罕见骨肿瘤中:成软骨细胞瘤和骨巨细胞瘤。【原文下载】

成软骨细胞瘤和骨巨细胞瘤作为两种良性骨肿瘤主要分别影响青少年和青壮年。这两种肿瘤都能发展成衰弱性肿瘤并在手术后仍然复发。很显然,这两种肿瘤很难从高度恶性骨肿瘤中区分开来。这项研究中发现的突变或许可以帮助诊断成软骨细胞瘤和骨巨细胞瘤。此外,这一突变的发现,促使研究人员开始研发针对这两种肿瘤的特异性治疗方案。

这篇文章的共同第一作者,英国剑桥大学的桑格研究院的Peter Campbell医生说:“这是一个例外,我们的研究团队在一次偶然过程中发现了这一突变现象。通常我们可以看到在很多种不同的肿瘤中出现相同的突变。而这次我们发现的两种突变属于这两种肿瘤的特异性突变。此外,我们的研究结果显示,这两种突变可能是这两种肿瘤发生的主要原因之一。”

该研究小组对6个成软骨细胞瘤进行了全基因组测序,发现所有六个肿瘤中,H3F3A和H3F3B两个相关联基因有一个发生突变,从而产生一种特异性蛋白,被称之为组蛋白3.3。研究人员对更多的成软骨瘤和其它的骨肿瘤进行扩展研究,进而确定这种突变几乎出现于所有的成软骨瘤中。有趣的是,研究人员还发现,骨肿瘤中最为常见的肿瘤:骨巨细胞瘤的H3F3A基因的另外一个位置也发生了突变。最终,研究人员得出结果,组蛋白3.3的突变导致成软骨瘤和骨巨细胞瘤的产生。

该研究小组还确定了这些突变最终改变了组蛋白3.3的哪些氨基酸残基,即:氨基酸残基G34W的突变引发骨巨细胞瘤,K36M的突变引发成软骨细胞瘤。

这篇文章的第一作者,桑格研究院的Sam Behjati医生说:“这两种肿瘤中分别存在两种突变的普遍性令人吃惊,然而,更值得注意的是它们突变的特异性。这两种突变的特异性不仅使我们知道这两种肿瘤是如何产生的,此外还揭示了这两种基因在骨骼发育过程中的基本功能。”

这篇文章的共同第一作者,英国皇家全国骨科医院的Adrienne Flanagan教授说:“我们的研究结果对于在临床上鉴定成软骨细胞瘤和骨巨细胞瘤非常有用。这一研究结果还证明了继续对人类所有肿瘤进行测序的重要性。”

原文出处:

Sam Behjati, Patrick S Tarpey, Nadège Presneau,Susanne Scheipl,Nischalan Pillay,Peter Van Loo,David C Wedge,Susanna L Cooke,Gunes Gundem,Helen Davies, Serena Nik-Zainal,Sancha Martin,Stuart McLaren,Victoria Goodie,Ben Robinson,Adam Butler,Jon W Teague, Dina Halai,Bhavisha Khatri,Ola Myklebost,Daniel Baumhoer, Gernot Jundt,Rifat Hamoudi,Roberto Tirabosco,M Fernanda Amary.Distinct H3F3A and H3F3B driver mutations define chondroblastoma and giant cell tumor of bone.Nature Genetics 27 October 2013.doi:10.1038/ng.2814【原文下载】

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    2014-07-12 liye789132251
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    2014-01-27 cy0324
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    2013-10-31 syscxl
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