PLoS Biology:研究发现转录因子可导致乳腺癌对抗雌激素治疗无应答

2013-01-07 PLoS Biology dxy zhihui_li

  澳大利亚的科学家们已经证实一种“转录因子”如何引起乳腺癌进展为侵袭性亚型,而且这种亚型缺乏对雌激素的敏感性,同时对于像他莫昔芬和芳香酶抑制剂这样的抗雌激素药物治疗无效。   转录因子是一类可以转换基因的“开”或“关”的分子。在这种情况下,所熟知的转录因子“ELF5”在乳腺癌细胞的极早期抑制其对雌激素的敏感性。2008年,来自悉尼Garvan医学研究所的副教授Chris Orma


  澳大利亚的科学家们已经证实一种“转录因子”如何引起乳腺癌进展为侵袭性亚型,而且这种亚型缺乏对雌激素的敏感性,同时对于像他莫昔芬和芳香酶抑制剂这样的抗雌激素药物治疗无效。

  转录因子是一类可以转换基因的“开”或“关”的分子。在这种情况下,所熟知的转录因子“ELF5”在乳腺癌细胞的极早期抑制其对雌激素的敏感性。2008年,来自悉尼Garvan医学研究所的副教授Chris Ormandy证实ELF5负责刺激生成乳腺内雌激素受体阴性的细胞,可以在妊娠期间产生乳汁。

  Ormandy在当前的研究中,与Maria Kalyga博士和David Gallego-Ortega博士一道证实,同样的分子决定了乳腺癌的发生,并且ELF5可以将现发生的肿瘤改变为雌激素不敏感型。研究小组已经描述了ELF5通过怎样的遗传机制来对抗雌激素的作用,同时也证实通过操纵ELF5水平来改变乳腺癌亚型是有可能的。研究结果现已在线发表于具有很大影响力的杂志—PLoS Biology上。

  Ormandy说:“这项工作告诉我们,癌症之所以会变成抗雌激素难治性,就是因为它们经常借助抬高ELF5水平,从而变为功能性的雌激素受体阴性。这就引出了一个新的治疗选择,即通过操纵ELF5水平来治疗乳腺癌。由于ELF5是胞内的,使用可以靶向产生蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用的小分子或许可以达到目的,或者使用小的抑制性RNAs。同时,通过检测肿瘤内ELF5的含量水平来预测对治疗的反应,并因此指导治疗选择也是可能的。这里我们关键的发现就是借助简单地操纵一种转录因子,我们可以改变乳腺癌的亚型。”



ELF5 Suppresses Estrogen Sensitivity and Underpins the Acquisition of Antiestrogen Resistance in Luminal Breast Cancer
Abstract
We have previously shown that during pregnancy the E-twenty-six (ETS) transcription factor ELF5 directs the differentiation of mammary progenitor cells toward the estrogen receptor (ER)-negative and milk producing cell lineage, raising the possibility that ELF5 may suppress the estrogen sensitivity of breast cancers. To test this we constructed inducible models of ELF5 expression in ER positive luminal breast cancer cells and interrogated them using transcript profiling and chromatin immunoprecipitation of DNA followed by DNA sequencing (ChIP-Seq). ELF5 suppressed ER and FOXA1 expression and broadly suppressed ER-driven patterns of gene expression including sets of genes distinguishing the luminal molecular subtype. Direct transcriptional targets of ELF5, which included FOXA1, EGFR, and MYC, accurately classified a large cohort of breast cancers into their intrinsic molecular subtypes, predicted ER status with high precision, and defined groups with differential prognosis. Knockdown of ELF5 in basal breast cancer cell lines suppressed basal patterns of gene expression and produced a shift in molecular subtype toward the claudin-low and normal-like groups. Luminal breast cancer cells that acquired resistance to the antiestrogen Tamoxifen showed greatly elevated levels of ELF5 and its transcriptional signature, and became dependent on ELF5 for proliferation, compared to the parental cells. Thus ELF5 provides a key transcriptional determinant of breast cancer molecular subtype by suppression of estrogen sensitivity in luminal breast cancer cells and promotion of basal characteristics in basal breast cancer cells, an action that may be utilised to acquire antiestrogen resistance.    

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    2013-01-26 sunylz
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    2013-09-05 mjldent
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