Nat Commun:浙大科学家研制隐身器件成功使猫、鱼隐形

2013-11-01 MedSci MedSci原创

  改变材料对电磁波的折射率,就能够将物体隐藏起来。中国科学家运用这一原理,研制出了能够在可见光波段将生物隐形的隐身器件。   “我们在可见光中实验实现了物体的隐身,而且无需使用精密设计的纳米电磁材料。”浙江大学国际电磁科学院陈红胜教授团队与新加坡南洋理工大学等 国际团队合作,使用玻璃,制造出了能够在水中隐形的六边形柱状隐身器件和能够在空气中隐形的多边形隐身器件。两种隐身器

  改变材料对电磁波的折射率,就能够将物体隐藏起来。中国科学家运用这一原理,研制出了能够在可见光波段将生物隐形的隐身器件。

  “我们在可见光中实验实现了物体的隐身,而且无需使用精密设计的纳米电磁材料。”浙江大学国际电磁科学院陈红胜教授团队与新加坡南洋理工大学等 国际团队合作,使用玻璃,制造出了能够在水中隐形的六边形柱状隐身器件和能够在空气中隐形的多边形隐身器件。两种隐身器件使金鱼和猫成功隐形。

  “这意味着隐身器件不仅能够隐藏像猫、鱼这样大的物体,生物还能和隐身器件一起活动,隐身效果并不会因此受到影响。”陈红胜说。

  陈红胜介绍,目前应用的隐身技术,如隐形飞机,大部分是通过吸收电磁波,让反射回去的电磁波达到最小,但他认为,这种技术并不是通常理解的“隐身衣”技术。

  人之所以能看到物体,是因为光射到物体上后,被物体阻挡并反射到人的眼睛。英国理论物理学家约翰-彭德里在2006年提出了利用坐标变换的方法设计隐身衣,使电磁波能够绕过被隐身的区域,按照原来的方向传播,从而可以使物体完全隐形,奠定了隐身衣研究的理论体系。

Figure 1: Principle of natural light cloaking.

Principle of natural light cloaking.

  但通过这种方法设计出的隐形器件理论上只能够在某一个电磁频率上实现完美的隐身效果,很难在较宽的频段实现。

  “进入隐身衣的光线要绕过物体,所以走过的路径长;没有进入隐身衣的光线是一条直线,走过的路径短。完美的隐身衣要求所有的光线保持相同相位, 因此进入隐身衣的光线必须跑得比外部光线快,这就要求隐身衣的材料对不同光线具有不同的折射率,也只能在很窄的频段实现隐身。”陈红胜说。

  此外,隐身衣的参数复杂,若要在可见光频段实现隐身需要精细的纳米加工精度,对工艺要求非常苛刻。

  陈红胜团队对这个理论进行了简化,提出了一种可见光波段多边形隐身衣的设计方法。由于人眼对光线的相位和略微延时并不敏感,陈红胜团队剔除理论 中“光线保持相同相位”的条件,令隐身器件能够使用玻璃这种透明均匀的易得的材料,也不需纳米级工艺雕琢,降低了隐身衣的设计和实现难度。

  通过对隐形器件的特殊设计,改变材料的折射率,令光线绕过位于隐身器件中心的物体,陈红胜团队率先将这一付诸实践,展示了一个在可见光波段隐形的途径。这一研究成果于2013年10月发表于《自然—通讯》杂志。

Figure 2: Experimental fabrication and set-up of the aquatic ray cloak.
Experimental fabrication and set-up of the aquatic ray cloak.

  截止目前,这一可见光频段的隐身器件还只能在特定的角度上取得理想的隐身效果,如六边形隐身器在正对六条棱角的角度具有较好效果,而多边隐身器仅有两个角度能够实现隐身。

Figure 3: Experimental observation of fish in the aquatic ray cloak.
Experimental observation of fish in the aquatic ray cloak.

  陈红胜表示,这一隐身器件将有望在安全、娱乐和监控应用领域发挥作用。团队在下一步将着力提升隐身的性能,如增加隐身角度,减轻装置的重量等。

原始出处:

Chen H, Zheng B, Shen L, Wang H, Zhang X, Zheludev NI, Zhang B.Ray-optics cloaking devices for large objects in incoherent natural light.Nat Commun. 2013 Oct 24;4:2652.

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=151033, encodeId=94dd1510338d, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Tue Oct 25 08:08:46 CST 2016, time=2016-10-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2086664, encodeId=5b7a2086664c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Mon Sep 08 13:26:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1879724, encodeId=993a18e9724d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Jan 04 01:26:00 CST 2014, time=2014-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1535967, encodeId=a055153596e7d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=67446550602' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#浙大#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65506, encryptionId=67446550602, topicName=浙大)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=42f112649926, createdName=pandamao2014, createdTime=Sun Nov 03 13:26:00 CST 2013, time=2013-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-25 李东泽

    很好,不错,以后会多学习

    0

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    2014-09-08 liuli5079
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=151033, encodeId=94dd1510338d, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Tue Oct 25 08:08:46 CST 2016, time=2016-10-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2086664, encodeId=5b7a2086664c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Mon Sep 08 13:26:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1879724, encodeId=993a18e9724d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Jan 04 01:26:00 CST 2014, time=2014-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1535967, encodeId=a055153596e7d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=67446550602' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#浙大#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65506, encryptionId=67446550602, topicName=浙大)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=42f112649926, createdName=pandamao2014, createdTime=Sun Nov 03 13:26:00 CST 2013, time=2013-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-01-04 liye789132251
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=151033, encodeId=94dd1510338d, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Tue Oct 25 08:08:46 CST 2016, time=2016-10-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2086664, encodeId=5b7a2086664c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Mon Sep 08 13:26:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1879724, encodeId=993a18e9724d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Jan 04 01:26:00 CST 2014, time=2014-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1535967, encodeId=a055153596e7d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=67446550602' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#浙大#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65506, encryptionId=67446550602, topicName=浙大)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=42f112649926, createdName=pandamao2014, createdTime=Sun Nov 03 13:26:00 CST 2013, time=2013-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]