SCI论文英文写作技巧分享

2017-05-26 MedSci 医刊汇

SCI论文对作者的英文水平要求很高,一篇语言不过关的论文,即使内容再好,也会被退稿。所以,医学工作者在写SCI论文时,要用英文的思维方式进行写作,注意中西方语言的表达差异。此外,还要特别注意以下几个环节。

  
  SCI论文对作者的英文水平要求很高,一篇语言不过关的论文,即使内容再好,也会被退稿。所以,医学工作者在写SCI论文时,要用英文的思维方式进行写作,注意中西方语言的表达差异。此外,还要特别注意以下几个环节。

01.写作时态
  英语谓语动词时态共有16种,在英文科技论文中用得较为频繁的主要有三种:即一般现在时、一般过去时和将来时。正确地使用动词时态是科研写作的基本功,我们在撰写英文论文时,如不能正确选用时态,常常会改变文章所要表达的意思,从而影响评审专家与读者的理解。

  在科技论文中如何正确使用时态,首先应该把握以下三个基本原则:

  1、一般现在时:主要用于不受时间限制的客观存在事实的描述,或发生或存在于写论文之时的感觉、状态、关系等的描述或致谢的表述等。值得注意的是,出于尊重,凡是他人已经发表的研究成果作为"previously established knowledge",在引述时普遍都用一般现在时。

  2、一般过去时:用于写论文中作者自己所做工作的描述。例如描述自己的材料、方法和结果。

  3、 一般将来时:用于撰写论文之后发生的动作或存在的状态。例如提出下一步的研究方向。

02.写作语态

  在科技论文摘要翻译中,最常采用的语态是被动语态。如:A new approach is put forward in the paper that ....../Conclusion can be drawn from the experiment that...... 通过体会这些被动语态的例子,我们不难发现:较之主动语态,被动式在科技摘要翻译中有着如下的优势:

  1、科技论文常常需要介绍客观的、不以人的意志为转移的研究过程、实验结果等方面内容。使用被动语态可以更好地突出科学研究的客观性。

  2、使用被动式也可避免提及动作的施动者,这样反而使研究动作有了更广泛的普遍性。

  3、由于被动语态的特殊结构,使其在句子结构调节方面有着更大的灵活性,有利于在添加短语结构、扩充句子信息的同时保持句式的平衡、工整。

03.SCI论文中最容易出现的用词

  SCI论文并不要求写出的论文充满文采,关键还是要表述清楚作者的意思,让别人能看明白。SCI论文中常出现的用词包括动名词、动词、现在分词、不定冠词、代词及副词、介词等。所以,大面上用词与其他行文方式无较大差异。但是由于学术论文的学术性风格,论文中的用词是非常正式的。在行文过程中,非常避讳don’t、can’t及won’t等词。此外,很多作者由于中文写作习惯,往往出现and so worth及and so on等,这些词在写英文论文时是非常忌讳的。

04.英文标点符号

  中英文标点符号还是有一定区别的。比如,英文中肯定没有顿号,也没有书名号。相应的,英语中分割句子中的并列成分多用逗号。而书名及期刊名等多采用斜体的方式加以区分。再者,英文中的省略号是三个点(…),如果省略号在句末加上句号则是四个点(… .),但这种情况不多(省略号与句号间需空格)。

  逗号是最难掌握的标点符号类型,逗号使用不当会改变句子的意思。在表示重要的和非重要的信息时,请多留意逗号的用法。当你校对标点符号的使用时,要特别注意以下单词:that、which 和 who;此时应再次确认,此信息是重要信息还是是可以省略的多余信息。 如果此信息是重要的,切勿使用逗号。 如果此信息是附加的、不重要的,必须使用逗号。

05.句子和段落上下连贯与逻辑

  意义相关的句子一定要通过衔接词进行衔接,否则句子间就会显得孤立。衔接词是论文中用以说明上下句或前后两个句子意思间关系的词或词组。在这里我们举几个例子。

平行关系:and, furthermore, in addition, as well as, likewise, moreover, similarly, besides, still

转折关系: although, otherwise, but, to the opposite, in contrast, however, nevertheless, yet

因果关系:as a result, therefore, due to, thus, because of

归纳、总结关系:on the whole, in conclusion, briefly, in summary, in brief, in short

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    2020-10-17 ms6000001667434121

    先收藏

    0

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    2020-09-17 vivi-1985

    有用

    0

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    2020-09-14 泛木木

    0

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  随着医疗体制的不断深化, 医院与医院之间的竞争日趋激烈,从表面上看是这种竞争是医疗水平的竞争, 实质上是医院间科研水平和医学人才队伍的竞争。每所医院的科研课题立项、科技成果申报、专利申请的多少已经成为衡量医院科研管理非常重要的指标,科研水平的高低和科技人才的多少成为一所现代化高水平医院不可缺少的标志。在中国做一个好医生,要专业技能过硬,人际沟通能力要强,面对每天庞大数量的就诊患者,既