Cell:美科学家潜心研究20年,将癌症抗原转化为疫苗

2017-12-22 佚名 medicalxpress

免疫细胞上的蛋白质称为T细胞受体(RED),在包括肿瘤细胞在内的其他细胞表面检测到特定的蛋白质片段。一项新技术让研究人员发现了与癌症相关的片段。

免疫细胞上的蛋白质称为T细胞受体(RED),在包括肿瘤细胞在内的其他细胞表面检测到特定的蛋白质片段。一项新技术让研究人员发现了与癌症相关的片段。

通过筛选数百万个分子靶点,研究人员发现了一个由两名结直肠癌患者的免疫细胞检测到的肿瘤信标。由霍华德·休斯医学研究所的研究人员们对免疫系统进行了近20年的基本分子研究,他们开发的筛选技术,最终带来了更有效的免疫疗法,利用人体的免疫系统来对抗癌症。斯坦福大学医学院蛋白质工程师表示:“这将扩大我们对肿瘤的认识范围。”

研究结果发表于2017年12月21日《细胞》杂志在线报告中,研究人员在报告中指出有免疫细胞如何锁定目标,阐明自身免疫紊乱和感染的核心细胞识别。如果没有系统的方法来寻找这些信号,免疫细胞识别能力的许多细节仍然是个谜。

此次研究源于1996年,一种叫做肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞的免疫细胞可以侵入肿瘤并帮助破坏癌细胞。肿瘤浸润的淋巴细胞引起了癌症研究者的注意,他们渴望对这些细胞的杀伤能力进行补充。这种破坏依赖于淋巴细胞正确地检测癌症信号,癌细胞表面所显示的被称为抗原的蛋白质片段。淋巴细胞使用称为T细胞受体的蛋白质来锁定这些癌症信号,其中许多信号是未知的。

新方法可以阐明自身免疫紊乱、传染病或任何涉及T细胞受体的其他过程的细胞细节。在实验室里,研究人员可以利用基因工程T细胞受体来识别常见的癌症抗原.。一旦进入病人体内,这些细胞就会直接进入肿瘤细胞,可以将癌症抗原本身转化为疫苗。注射后,这种癌症疫苗将教导现有的免疫细胞识别和对抗流氓细胞。

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    2018-04-17 维他命
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    2017-12-24 大爰

    学习并分享!!

    0

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    2017-12-23 大爰

    学习了谢谢分享!!

    0

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