AJSM:喙突或锁骨骨折与喙锁骨韧带重建术的相关性

2021-10-27 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

外科医生应注意,在喙锁骨韧带修复或重建后,无论技术如何,都可能发生锁骨或喙突骨折,并应对患者进行相应的随访。

肩锁关节损伤相对常见,占所有肩带损伤的9%以上,每年每万人1.8例,这些伤害在运动员和军人等人群中更为常见。喙锁骨韧带重建是高度肩锁关节分离的常见手术。虽然锁骨远端和喙突骨折是潜在的并发症,但它们发病率比较低,仅在病例报告和少发病例中被描述。喙锁骨韧带修复或重建相关术中或术后骨折的发生率及对临床结局的影响尚不清楚。

为了研究喙锁骨韧带重建后锁骨和喙突骨折的发生率和特点,在2013年10月至2020年3月期间,查询了美国军事卫生系统数据库中喙锁骨韧带修复或重建患者的相关资料。评估术中或术后锁骨或喙突骨折的电子健康记录,包括患者特征、X线照片、手术报告和临床记录。对这些患者的初始手术技术、骨折处理和随后的临床结果进行了回顾。

数据库中一共找到了896个相关病例,术后骨折21例,术中骨折1例。在这些骨折中,12例涉及到喙突,10例涉及锁骨。骨折总发生率为每3.81/1000。在5名骨折的患者中,骨隧道没有钻孔,共有17处骨折最终通过手术治疗,而有5处骨折采用非手术治疗。在16名术中或术后骨折的现役军人中,有11人在接受治疗后无法返回军中继续服役。

(A)经锁骨内侧钻孔解剖喙锁韧带重建后的锁骨远端骨折术后x线片;(B)切开复位内固定后的术后x线片;(C)解剖喙锁韧带悬吊韧带重建后的喙突骨折x线片和(D)切开复位内固定后的术后x线片

总而言之,喙锁骨韧带重建后锁骨远端或喙突骨折是一种罕见但严重的并发症,研究调查发现其发生与术中形成的骨隧道无关。喙锁骨韧带手术相关的骨折发生率为2.46/100例。大多数患者最终接受手术治疗,包括切开复位、内固定或重新进行喙锁骨韧带重建。尽管大多数术中或术后骨折患者恢复了完全的活动范围,但诸如肩前疼痛、肩锁关节不对称和活动时候虚弱无力等并发症是常见的后遗症,这些后遗症导致身体活动受限。外科医生应注意,在喙锁骨韧带修复或重建后,无论技术如何,都可能发生锁骨或喙突骨折,并应对患者进行相应的随访。

参考文献:Panarello NM, Colantonio DF, Harrington CJ, et al. Coracoid or Clavicle Fractures Associated With Coracoclavicular Ligament Reconstruction. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2021;49(12):3218-3225. doi:10.1177/03635465211036713

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    2021-10-29 slcumt
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