Lancet Oncol:Lorlatinib治疗ALK或ROS1重排的非小细胞肺癌

2017-10-24 佚名 “壹篇”头条号

大多数间变性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)重排或ROS原癌基因1(ROS1)重排的非小细胞肺癌患者对酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)治疗敏感,但总是出现耐药,这种耐药在中枢神经系统更常见。劳拉替尼(Lorlatinib)是一种可透过脑内的新的强有力选择性ALK和ROS1酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI),临床前研究显示对大多数已知耐药突变有效,本研究旨在在晚期ALK阳性或ROS1阳性非小细胞肺癌患者中,分析劳拉替尼(Lo

背景

大多数间变性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)重排或ROS原癌基因1(ROS1)重排的非小细胞肺癌患者对酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)治疗敏感,但总是出现耐药,这种耐药在中枢神经系统更常见。劳拉替尼(Lorlatinib)是一种可透过脑内的新的强有力选择性ALK和ROS1酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI),临床前研究显示对大多数已知耐药突变有效,本研究旨在在晚期ALK阳性或ROS1阳性非小细胞肺癌患者中,分析劳拉替尼(Lorlatinib)的安全性、有效性和药代动力学特点。

方法

在这项国际性、多中心、开放标签、单臂、首次用于人体的1期剂量递增研究中,符合入组条件的患者为晚期ALK阳性或ROS1阳性非小细胞肺癌、年龄≥18岁、ECOG体能状况评分0-1分、器官功能良好,患者口服劳拉替尼,每天一次,剂量从10mg开始到200mg,或者每天两次,从35mg开始到100mg;每一剂量组最少3名患者。对于有些患者,在劳拉替尼治疗前进行肿瘤活检,以确定ALK耐药突变情况。在接受过至少劳拉替尼一个剂量的患者中进行安全性评估,在意向性治疗患者(ALK或ROS1重排且至少接受劳拉替尼一个剂量的患者)中进行有效性评价。主要终点为剂量限制性毒性,在治疗1周期期间由研究人员评价,次要终点包括安全性、药代动力学和总缓解率。这项研究已在ClinicalTrials.gov网站注册,注册号NCT01970865,研究仍在进行。

结果

2014年1月22日至2015年7月10日,54名患者接受了至少一个剂量的劳拉替尼治疗,这些患者包括41(77%)ALK阳性和12名(23%)ROS1阳性的非小细胞肺癌,一名患者ALK和ROS1状态未确定。28名(52%)患者接受过≥2种的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)治疗,39名(72%)患者有中枢神经系统转移。54名患者中最常见的治疗相关性不良事件为高胆固醇血症(54名中有39名[72%])、高甘油三酯血症(54名中有21名[39%])、外周神经病变(54名中有21名[39%])以及外周水肿(54名中有21名[39%])。200mg剂量组出现1例剂量限制性毒性(由于研究药物的毒性,该患者在1周期的21次处方总剂量中至少有16次未服用,毒性为2级神经认知不良事件,表现有说话变慢、反应慢以及词汇提取困难)。没有发现最大耐受剂量。推荐给2期试验的剂量选定为100mg,每天一次。对于ALK阳性患者,获得客观缓解患者的比例为41名中有19名(46%)(95%CI,31–63);对于接受过≥2种酪氨酸激酶抑制剂治疗的患者,客观缓解患者的比例为26名中有11名(42%)(23–63)。在包括7名既往克唑替尼治疗过的ROS1阳性患者中,12名患者中有6名(50%)获得客观缓解(95%CI,21–79)。

解释

在这项1期、剂量递增研究中,在晚期ALK阳性或ROS1阳性、大多数有中枢神经系统转移且既往有≥2种酪氨酸激酶抑制剂治疗失败的非小细胞肺癌患者中,劳拉替尼(Lorlatinib)显示出全身及颅内均有活性,因此,对于ALK阳性非小细胞肺癌患者,对目前现有的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,包括二代ALK酪氨酸激酶抑制剂耐药后,劳拉替尼可能是一种有效的治疗策略,现在正在一项3期随机对照临床试验中对劳拉替尼进行研究,对劳拉替尼和克唑替尼加以比较。

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    2018-09-12 minlingfeng
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    2017-12-10 howi
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    2017-10-26 lsndxfj
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    2017-10-26 wwzzly