Neurology:低血压降低血流动力性脑缺血患者卒中风险

2014-03-03 佚名 丁香园

由于目前对症状性颈动脉闭塞和血流动力性脑缺血患者血压管理还存在以下争议:严格的血压控制对病人有利还是更高的血压以维持脑灌注来防止随后的卒中;为了明确严格的血压控制是否是症状性颈动脉闭塞和症状性脑缺血性患者最好的处理方式;北卡罗莱纳大学医学院的William J. Powers于2014年2月14日在Neurology上发表文章表明:血压≦130/85 mmHg和病人随后的卒

由于目前对症状性颈动脉闭塞和血流动力性脑缺血患者血压管理还存在以下争议:严格的血压控制对病人有利还是更高的血压以维持脑灌注来防止随后的卒中;为了明确严格的血压控制是否是症状性颈动脉闭塞和症状性脑缺血性患者最好的处理方式;北卡罗莱纳大学医学院的William J. Powers于2014年2月14日在Neurology上发表文章表明:血压≦130/85 mmHg和病人随后的卒中风险有关。

这是个前瞻性队列研究,研究对象来自于颈动脉手术研究(COSS)中的91个近期有症状性颈内动脉闭塞和血流动力学脑缺血的非手术参与者;血流动力学脑缺血通过增加的氧摄取分数反映(氧摄取分数-OEF,指血液流经毛细血管床后被组织摄取的氧的百分比;当脑组织灌注压下降时,脑组织为了维持正常的脑组织氧代谢率,会出现代偿性OEF值上升)。

目标血压值是≦130/85 mmHg;91个参与者被分为两组:41人分到目标血压值组,50人分到更高的血压组。第一次随访是分组后30-35天,随后每隔三个月随访一次直到24月;建立Cox回归模型,比较这两组在随后的随访中同侧缺血性脑卒中的发生率。

一共16人在随访期间发生同侧缺血性卒中,其中血压≦130/85 mmHg组有3人,而更高血压组有13人(风险比3.742,95%可信区间1.065-13.152,p=0.027)。

长线(红色和黑色)代表血压,顶端代表收缩压,底端代表舒张压;黑线代表在两年的随访期内发生同侧缺血性脑卒中患者。

另外,来自欧洲颈动脉手术试验、北美症状性颈动脉内膜切除手术试验,、英国短暂性缺血性发作阿司匹林试验分析指出,更低的血压与随后更低的卒中风险不受单侧颈动脉狭窄的存在的影响。然而如果双侧颈动脉狭窄≧70%,血压低于150 mmHg就会增加卒中风险;由于本试验COSS中仅仅11个参与者有对侧≧70%的狭窄,因此我们不能得出更低的血压在双侧颈动脉狭窄≧70%这一亚组中的作用。综上,对症状性颈动脉闭塞和血流动力性脑缺血患者,更低的血压降低血流动力性脑缺血患者卒中风险。

原始出处:

Powers WJ1, Clarke WR, Grubb RL Jr, Videen TO, Adams HP Jr, Derdeyn CP; For the COSS Investigators.Lower stroke risk with lower blood pressure in hemodynamic cerebral ischemia.Neurology. 2014 Feb 14.

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