Rheumatology (Oxford):痛风患者开始别嘌醇治疗前有必要进行HLA-B * 58:01检测吗?

2017-11-16 石岩 环球医学

现代基因检测技术已经可以发现个体对不同药物的耐受和代谢程度,从而可以避免“一针致聋”等药物严重不良反应。2017年10月,发表在《Rheumatology (Oxford).》的一项研究调查了痛风患者开始别嘌醇治疗前进行HLA-B * 58:01基因分型检测是否具有成本效果。结果表明,为了降低被处方别嘌呤醇治疗的痛风患者的药物不良反应发生率,HLA-B*58:01常规检测不太可能具有成本效果。

现代基因检测技术已经可以发现个体对不同药物的耐受和代谢程度,从而可以避免“一针致聋”等药物严重不良反应。2017年10月,发表在《Rheumatology (Oxford).》的一项研究调查了痛风患者开始别嘌醇治疗前进行HLA-B * 58:01基因分型检测是否具有成本效果。结果表明,为了降低被处方别嘌呤醇治疗的痛风患者的药物不良反应发生率,HLA-B*58:01常规检测不太可能具有成本效果。

目的:从英国国民健康服务(NHS)的角度,考察HLA-B*58:01前瞻性检测,作为预防痛风患者别嘌呤醇严重不良反应的一个策略, 是否具有成本效果。

方法:考察HLA-B*58:01与皮肤和超敏性药物不良反应相关性的系统评价和荟萃分析显示决策分析和Markov模型,以估算寿命成本和检测vs标准治疗(检测阳性的患者处方非布司他)相关的结局。Scenario分析评价了替代治疗假设和患者人群。

结果:需要检测以预防1种药物不良反应的患者人数为11 286(95% 中心区间(CR):2573,53594)。成本和获得的质量调整生命年(QALY)较小,分别为£103(95% CR:£98,£106)和0.0023(95% CR:?0.0006,0.0055),导致每获得QALY增量成本效果比率(ICER)£44 954。以每QALY £30000作为阀值,检测具有成本效果的可能性为0.25。检测成本降低或非布司他导致每获得QALY ICER低于£30000。慢性肾功能不全患者的ICER为每获得QALY £38 478。

结论:为了降低被处方别嘌呤醇治疗的痛风患者的药物不良反应发生率,HLA-B*58:01常规检测在英国不太可能具有成本效果;但随着基因分型成本的降低,以及未来非布司他更易获得,更加便宜,更加普遍,值得期望检测变得具有成本效果。

原始出处:

Plumpton CO, Alfirevic A, Pirmohamed M,et al. Cost effectiveness analysis of HLA-B*58:01 genotyping prior to initiation of allopurinol for gout. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2017 Oct 1;56(10):1729-1739. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex253.

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    2017-11-18 xugumin
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    2017-11-18 marongnuan

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痛风的发生,源于体内尿酸浓度过高,超出自身溶解度后,会在关节腔形成细小的尿酸盐沉淀,激活机体自身免疫系统,引发急性关节疼痛。在水分、温度、激素、血氧浓度等因素作用下,痛风患者经常在夜间突发足痛。

诊间日记:对痛风病人完全禁止吃肉,既不人道,也无大效

今天上午,一位70岁老人来院复诊。3个月前,他因为高尿酸血症、痛风性关节炎反复发作、痛风性肾病曾经在我科住院治疗,当时血尿酸750μmol/L,尿蛋白弱阳性,血肌酐略高,肾小球滤过率64ml/min,我们给苯溴马隆降尿酸及其他治疗,病情好转出院。1个月前,他的孩子听别人说苯溴马隆损害肾脏就让他停了药,又担心血尿酸反跳,于是严格近乎苛刻的给他控制饮食,禁止他喝酒,所有的肉食和海鲜一概不让他吃。结果如