Lancet Oncology:阿瑞吡坦用于预防儿童化疗导致的恶心和呕吐

2015-03-13 姜英浩译 MedSci原创

阿瑞吡坦是一种神经激肽-1受体拮抗剂,口服阿瑞吡坦常用于与其他镇吐药联合使用预防成人化疗时出现的温和或剧烈恶心、呕吐症状。但该药对儿科患者的安全性和有效性尚未得到证实。因此,来自Merck公司的Stuart Green教授带领团队进行了一项3期临床研究,对该治疗方式在治疗儿童时的安全性和有效性进行了验证。该研究结果在线发表于2015年3月11日的the Lancet Oncology杂志上。 本

阿瑞吡坦是一种神经激肽-1受体拮抗剂,口服阿瑞吡坦常用于与其他镇吐药联合使用预防成人化疗时出现的温和或剧烈恶心、呕吐症状。但该药对儿科患者的安全性和有效性尚未得到证实。因此,来自Merck公司的Stuart Green教授带领团队进行了一项3期临床研究,对该治疗方式在治疗儿童时的安全性和有效性进行了验证。该研究结果在线发表于2015年3月11日的the Lancet Oncology杂志上。

本论文汇报的是此次3期临床试验的最终分析结果。这是一项随机、多中心、双盲的临床研究,选取6个月至17周岁的经诊断恶性肿瘤,会接受温和或强烈促呕吐化学治疗方案的儿童,利用交互式话音应答系统对其进行随机分组,基于年龄、体重分至观察组和对照组。观察组第1天给予阿瑞吡坦(12-17岁 125 mg,6个月-12岁 3.0 mg/kg 至125 mg)联用昂丹司琼,第2、3天给予阿瑞吡坦(12-17岁 80 mg,6个月-12岁 2.0 mg/kg 至80 mg);对照组第1天给予安慰剂联合昂丹司琼,第2、3天给予安慰剂。允许使用地塞米松。随机化根据患者年龄、使用药物的催吐风险、使用地塞米松镇吐的几率进行分层。昂丹司琼剂量依照说明书或当地护理标准使用。主要疗效评估指标为在接受具有催吐化学疗法开始25-120h(延迟期)后完全应答率(无呕吐、无干呕、无抢救药物)。对所有随机分组并接受至少一个剂量研究药物治疗的患者进行疗效和安全性分析。

结果显示,从2011年9月22日至2013年8月16日,24个国家,49个中心的共307例患者参与了随机分组,观察组155例,对照组152例。其中观察组3例,对照组2例未参与该药物治疗试验,因此被排除在分析外。观察组77例(51 %),对照组39例(26 %)在延迟期实现了完全应答(p<0.0001)。最常见的3-4级副反应为发热性中性粒细胞减少(观察组23例[15 %],对照组21例[14 %]),贫血(14例[9 %], 26例[17 %]),中性粒细胞计数减少(11例[7 %], 27例[11 %])。最常见的严重副反应为发热性中性粒细胞减少(23例[15 %], 22例[15 %])。

从该结果中研究人员认为,在临床上遇到接受催吐性化学治疗儿童患者时,在昂丹司琼或昂丹司琼+地塞米松治疗基础上加上阿瑞吡坦能够有效预防化疗导致的恶心和呕吐。

临床注册号:NCT01362530。

原始出处:

Hyoung Jin Kang, Susan Loftus, Arlene Taylor, et al. Aprepitant for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in children: a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial. 2015.3.12. the Lancet Oncology.

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    2015-04-05 minlingfeng
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    2015-06-18 howi
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