EMBO MOL MED:只需要一个深呼吸!未来肺癌诊断的新方法!

2017-04-20 老三老四 来宝网

来自巴特瑙海姆心肺研究所的科学家发现了一种可以用于肺癌早期诊断的新方法,通过研究跟癌组织生长相关的RNA分子来达到肺癌检测的目的。在研究过程中,科学家利用该方法对健康志愿者和肺癌患者进行呼吸检测,成功辨别出了98%的健康志愿者。目前,该方法在进行近一步的优化以实现对肺癌诊断的临床应用。



来自巴特瑙海姆心肺研究所的科学家发现了一种可以用于肺癌早期诊断的新方法,通过研究跟癌组织生长相关的RNA分子来达到肺癌检测的目的。在研究过程中,科学家利用该方法对健康志愿者和肺癌患者进行呼吸检测,成功辨别出了98%的健康志愿者。目前,该方法在进行近一步的优化以实现对肺癌诊断临床应用。

大多数肺癌患者在确诊后的五年内死亡,其中一个非常重要的原因是因为肺癌的早期并无明显症状,让人难以察觉。在美国,肺癌发生的高危人群,如重度吸烟人群,都通过CAT扫描进行常规筛查,但是,检测效果往往并不是很好。

巴特瑙海姆心肺研究所的科学家和他们的合作伙伴一起开发出了肺癌呼吸检测法,有望使肺癌筛查更加更加精确。在研究中,该方法对肺癌诊断的准确度高达90%以上,是一种十分可靠的肺癌早期筛查手段。

研究者通过分析呼吸过程中肺部组织释放的RNA,发现了肺癌患者和健康人中呼出气体中RNA的差别。RNA和DNA不同,在每个细胞中也有不同的表现。不同的RNA变体可来自同一个DNA片段。在健康细胞中,这些RNA变体的存在有特定的比例。科学家们发现,在癌症细胞中GATA6和 NKX2 基因相关的RNA变体数目明显高于健康细胞。研究者利用该研究结果又开发了一种收集RNA小分子的方法,并克服了呼出气体中RNA浓度低以及RNA易降解的缺点,使该项研究中成功检测出了90%的癌症患者。

巴特瑙海姆心肺研究所的负责人Guillermo Barreto表示:“呼吸检测法在肺癌早期诊断中较传统方法更加简便,但是它并不能完全替代传统经典诊断方法,它可以用于辅助传统手段,增加肺癌诊断率并减少诊断的假阳性率。”

目前,科学家们正准备开展进一步的临床试验,实现该技术早日应用于临床工作,为肺癌的诊断提供帮助。

原始出处:

Mehta A, Cordero J, Dobersch S, et al. Non‐invasive lung cancer diagnosis by detection of GATA6 and NKX2‐1 isoforms in exhaled breath condensate[J]. Embo Molecular Medicine, 2016, 8(12):1380-1389.

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    2017-04-21 医之美

    厉害

    0

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    2017-04-21 飛歌

    学习了很有用

    0

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    2017-04-21 laymankey

    感谢分享一下!!

    0

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