PNAS:计算机游戏改善儿童学习成绩?

2014-04-18 张章 中国科学报

近日,刊登在美国《国家科学院院刊》上的一项研究指出,能改善6岁儿童认知过程的计算机游戏也能改善他们的学习成绩。儿童的执行功能——诸如工作记忆、规划和认知控制等对于有目的的目标导向行为具有关键作用的认知过程——能够被加以训练,但科学家尚不清楚与训练有关的益处能否转移到现实生活中。 为了找出答案,阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯大学整合神经科学实验室的Andrea Paula Gol

近日,刊登在美国《国家科学院院刊》上的一项研究指出,能改善6岁儿童认知过程的计算机游戏也能改善他们的学习成绩。儿童的执行功能——诸如工作记忆、规划和认知控制等对于有目的的目标导向行为具有关键作用的认知过程——能够被加以训练,但科学家尚不清楚与训练有关的益处能否转移到现实生活中。



为了找出答案,阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯大学整合神经科学实验室的Andrea Paula Goldin及其同事调查了一系列计算机游戏产生的影响是否能转移到现实生活中。这些游戏的目的是改善参与者的执行功能。研究人员分析了在10周里玩一组适应性计算机游戏,如何影响布宜诺斯艾利斯两所公立学校的111名社会经济状态低的一年级学生的认知和学业成绩。尽管此前的实验已经证明训练可以改善儿童的执行功能,但仍不清楚这些与训练有关的收益的现实转移情况。

研究结果揭示,这些计算机化的训练游戏能改善儿童执行功能的某些方面(而非全部),而且这些改善导致教师评定和数学成绩等的改善。在试验中,学校老师并不知道相关实验设计。作者报告说,这些计算机游戏干预手段让正常到校上课的儿童和因为社会和家庭原因不定期到校上课的儿童的学业成绩相等。研究人员表示,实验结果提示,改善儿童执行功能的计算机游戏可能造成现实世界对学习成绩测评的改善 。

原始出处:

Goldin AP1, Hermida MJ, Shalom DE, Elias Costa M, Lopez-Rosenfeld M, Segretin MS, Fernández-Slezak D, Lipina SJ, Sigman M.Far transfer to language and math of a short software-based gaming intervention.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Apr 7. 

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    2014-08-30 drwjr
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    2014-08-31 bioon14