Br J Cancer:CX-5461结合TOP1抑制作用可增强高级别浆液性卵巢癌的同源重组DNA损伤反应并抑制肿瘤的生长

2020-11-22 xiaozeng MedSci原创

高级别浆液性卵巢癌(HGSC)作为上皮性卵巢癌中最普遍的一种组织学亚型,其预后最差。HGSC的特征包括几乎普遍存在的TP53基因突变(> 96%),且50%的HGSC患者存在同源重组(HR)DN

高级别浆液性卵巢癌(HGSC)作为上皮性卵巢癌中最普遍的一种组织学亚型,其预后最差。HGSC的特征包括几乎普遍存在的TP53基因突变(> 96%),且50%的HGSC患者存在同源重组(HR)DNA修复相关基因的缺陷,最常发生于BRCA1和BRCA2基因中。

HR的缺陷是HGSC对于标准的破坏DNA的化疗方法(卡铂/顺铂和紫杉醇)以及PARP抑制剂(olaparib、rucaparib,niraparib,talazoparib)等药物敏感性的关键决定因素。而HR的恢复是获得性耐药的一种常见机制,其可导致患者的死亡,说明需要进一步的制定针对HR有效的疾病的新疗法。

全基因组RNAi筛选鉴定的基因网络

既往研究显示,核糖体RNA基因(rDNA)转录抑制剂CX-5461(在早期临床试验中用于癌症的治疗)在治疗HR缺乏型HGSC中具有潜在的应用前景。在该研究中,研究人员通过筛选整个蛋白质编码基因组,以鉴定HR有效型HGSC中与CX-5461具有协同作用的潜在靶标。

CX-5461联合拓扑替康抑制HR有效型HGSC克隆存活和肿瘤生长

研究人员发现敲除TOP1(DNA拓扑异构酶1)的细胞具有显著的抑制细胞增殖作用。而临床上使用的TOP1抑制剂拓扑替康(topotecan)与CX-5461联合使用时,可在多种HR有效型HGSC细胞系中增强细胞在G2/M细胞周期检查点的停滞。该组合可增强核仁DNA损伤反应和整体复制压力,且不会增加DNA链的断裂,从而显著的降低体内克隆形成的存活率和抑制肿瘤的生长。


综上,该研究结果揭示了,TOP1的抑制结合CX-5461的使用能够作为针对HR有效型HGSC的非遗传毒性治疗方法的潜在的可能性。


原始出处:

Yan, S., Xuan, J., Brajanovski, N. et al. The RNA polymerase I transcription inhibitor CX-5461 cooperates with topoisomerase 1 inhibition by enhancing the DNA damage response in homologous recombination-proficient high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Br J Cancer (11 November 2020).

 

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Cancer Cell:CX-5461抑制RNA聚合酶,激活p53治疗血液肿瘤

7月10日,Cancer Cell杂志报道了抑制RNA聚合酶可肿瘤特异性激活p53,从而有望治疗肿瘤。 核糖体RNA基因(rDNA)在RNA聚合酶催化下的转录增加是人类癌症的一个共同特点,但人们仍不清楚它是否是引发恶性表型所必须的。 本研究表明,小分子药物CX-5461(CX-5461是一种有效的小分子rRNA的合成抑制剂)可靶向rDNA转录,从而选择性地杀死体内的B淋巴瘤细胞,同时保持野生型