Lancet Infect Dis:抗菌药管理可降低抗菌药耐药的细菌感染率和定植发生率?

2017-10-18 易湛苗,王淳 环球医学

2017年9月,发表在《Lancet Infect Dis》的一项由德国科学家进行的系统评价和Meta分析,考察了抗菌药管理对抗菌药耐药的细菌和艰难梭菌感染的感染率和定植率的影响。

2017年9月,发表在《Lancet Infect Dis》的一项由德国科学家进行的系统评价和Meta分析,考察了抗菌药管理对抗菌药耐药的细菌和艰难梭菌感染感染率和定植率的影响。

背景:抗菌药管理计划已经表现出可以减少抗菌药的使用和住院成本的效果。研究人员旨在评估抗菌药管理对抗菌药耐药的细菌感染和定植发生率的影响的证据。

方法:为了本项系统评价和Meta分析,研究人员检索了PubMed、Cochrane系统评价数据库、Cochrane临床对照试验资料库、科学网,检索内容为1960年1月1日~2016年5月31日发表的分析了抗菌药管理计划对住院患者抗菌药耐药的细菌和艰难梭菌感染的感染率和定植率的影响的研究。两名作者独立评估了试验的入组标准并提取了数据。排除了长期照护机构的研究。主要结局指标为抗菌药管理实施前和实施后目标感染和定植的发病率比(IR)/1000患者天。使用随机效应模型进行了Meta分析,使用I2计算了异质性。

结果:研究人员在此Meta分析中纳入了32项研究,包括9056241患者天和159个IR评估值。抗菌药管理计划可降低多药耐药的革兰氏阴性菌(减少51%;IR,0.49;95% CI,0.35~0.68;P<0.0001)、产超广谱β-内酰胺酶的革兰氏阴性菌(48%;IR,0.52;95% CI,0.27~0.98;P=0.0428)和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(37%;IR,0.63;95% CI,0.45~0.88;P=0.0065)等的感染和定植率,以及艰难梭菌感染率(32%;IR,0.53;95% CI,0.45~0.88;P=0.0029)。与单独实施相比,当与感染控制措施共同实施时(0.69;0.54~0.88;P=0.0030),抗菌药管理计划更有效,尤其是手卫生干预(0.34;0.21~0.54;P<0.0001)。抗菌药管理并不影响万古霉素耐药的肠球菌和喹诺酮耐药及氨基糖苷类耐药的革兰氏阴性菌的IR。检测到研究间显着的异质性,干预类型和目标细菌共耐药模式可部分解释该异质性。

结论:抗菌药管理计划可显着降低住院患者抗菌药耐药和艰难梭菌感染的感染率和定植率。这些结果为利益相关者和政策制定者提供了实施抗菌药管理干预措施、以便降低抗菌药耐药菌感染负担的证据。

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    2018-06-03 howi
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    2017-10-20 lhlxtx
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    2017-10-19 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    学习学习.了解了解

    0

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    2017-10-18 有备才能无患

    抗菌药管理计划已经表现出可以减少抗菌药的使用和住院成本的效果.研究人员旨在评估抗菌药管理对抗菌药耐药的细菌感染和定植发生率的影响的证据.

    0

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