mBio:颤抖吧!癌细胞,看我沙门氏菌变身!

2015-04-16 佚名 生物谷

近日,发表于杂志mBio上的一项研究论文中,来自亚利桑那州立大学的研究者通过研究开发了一种遗传修饰的沙门氏菌,其或可用于杀灭癌细胞。研究者Roy Curtiss博士表示,长期以来科学家都非常有兴趣致力于利用遗传工程化的微生物来靶向作用并且杀灭包括实体瘤在内的癌细胞,而本文研究中我们利用工程化的沙门氏菌实现了杀灭癌细胞的目的,这对于后期开发治疗癌症的个体化疗法提供了新的线索和希望。很多年来科学家们都



近日,发表于杂志mBio上的一项研究论文中,来自亚利桑那州立大学的研究者通过研究开发了一种遗传修饰的沙门氏菌,其或可用于杀灭癌细胞。研究者Roy Curtiss博士表示,长期以来科学家都非常有兴趣致力于利用遗传工程化的微生物来靶向作用并且杀灭包括实体瘤在内的癌细胞,而本文研究中我们利用工程化的沙门氏菌实现了杀灭癌细胞的目的,这对于后期开发治疗癌症的个体化疗法提供了新的线索和希望。

很多年来科学家们都知道,特殊细菌,比如肠炎沙门菌可以杀灭癌细胞,尤其是鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium)被认为不仅可以在实体瘤中增殖,而且可以表现出抗肿瘤的效应;然而为了利用杀灭嫩弑君来作为抵御人类癌症的强大武器,研究者必须在其杀灭癌细胞的效率和应用于人类机体的安全性间寻找到一个平衡点,沙门氏菌是一种引发严重食物中毒的食源性致病菌,其会引发人类机体患败血症及死亡。

这项研究中,研究者通过修饰沙门氏菌的脂多糖(LPS)结构来使其变得低毒性,LPS是位于细菌外膜的一种结构,其也是引发败血症及致死性感染的罪魁祸首。研究者利用遗传工程化技术对参与LPS合成的基因进行了剔除,随后在装有人类癌细胞的检测管及携带肿瘤的小鼠机体中检测了多种修饰的沙门氏菌的抗肿瘤效应。

结果显示,一种特殊突变的沙门氏菌菌株可以最有效地杀灭癌细胞,降低肿瘤进展,同时也不会引发机体患其它疾病,然而这种突变体在肿瘤中并不易于繁殖,尽管其达到肿瘤后可以表现出较强的杀癌细胞效应。为了解决这一问题,研究者随后对菌株进行了另外一种遗传修饰,即利用可诱导的阿拉伯糖启动子,这种修饰可使得沙门氏菌在植入小鼠机体后不会损伤正常健康的细胞,同时还可以有效地在肿瘤组织中繁殖,并且有效杀灭癌细胞。在肿瘤组织中,沙门氏菌从不伤害正常细胞的良性侵袭性状态向毒性状态的转变过程非常快,这取决于沙门氏菌进入肿瘤组织后发生的细胞分裂和菌株的快速生长。

在正常细胞中,沙门氏菌生长非常缓慢,其每隔24小时分裂1-2次,但在肿瘤细胞中细菌每小时都会发生分裂,本文研究为后期开发以遗传修饰化沙门氏菌为基础的新型靶向疗法来联合化疗及放疗方法有效治疗癌症提供了新的研究线索和思路。

原始出处:

Michael Frahma, Sebastian Felgnera, Dino Kocijancica,et al.Efficiency of Conditionally Attenuated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium in Bacterium-Mediated Tumor Therapy.MBio.April 14,2015

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    2015-06-29 sunylz
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    2015-04-18 yxch36
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    2015-04-17 ixiaochengdudu

    图片:颤抖吧!豆虫!

    0

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    2015-04-16 xiaosanshu

    这题目看一次笑一次

    0

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    2015-04-16 Handyuan

    岂不无解了

    0

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