JAMA Surg:哪些无药物干预可减少全膝关节置换术后阿片类药物使用?

2017-12-26 吴星 环球医学

2017年10月,发表于《JAMA Surg》的一项由美国和意大利科学家进行的系统评价和meta分析,考察了全膝关节置换术后减少疼痛或阿片类药物使用的无药物干预。

2017年10月,发表于《JAMA Surg》的一项由美国和意大利科学家进行的系统评价和meta分析,考察了全膝关节置换术后减少疼痛或阿片类药物使用的无药物干预。

重要性:非药物治疗缓解全膝关节置换术后疼痛已经引起了越来越多的兴趣。然而,几乎没有支持这些干预措施有效性的共识

目的:旨在对非药物干预进行全膝关节置换术后疼痛管理的证据进行系统评价和meta分析。

数据来源:Medline(Pubmed)、Embase(OVID)、Cochrane临床对照试验资料库(CENTRAL)、Cochrane实证医学资料库、科学网(ISI数据库)、物理治疗证据(PEDRO)数据库、ClinicalTrials.gov。检索时间为1946年1月~2016年4月。

研究选择:比较非药物干预与其他干预联合标准治疗的随机临床试验。

数据采集和分析:两名审查者使用标准化的形式独立提取了选取文章中的数据,并分析了偏倚风险。随机效应模型用于分析。

主要结局和测量:术后疼痛和阿片类药物及镇痛药的消耗。

结果:5509项研究中,39项随机临床试验纳入到Meta分析中(2391例患者)。最常进行的干预措施为连续被动运动、术前锻炼、冷冻疗法、电疗和针灸。中等质量证据表明,电疗可减少阿片类药物的使用(平均差异,每48小时每kg的吗啡mg当量-3.50;95% CI,-5.90~-1.10;P=0.004;I2=17%),针灸可延迟阿片类药物的使用(平均差异,距患者首次自控镇痛46.17分钟;95% CI,20.84~71.50;P<0.001;I2=19%)。低质量证据表明,针灸可改善疼痛(平均差异:第2天时的视觉模拟量表-1.14;95% CI,-1.90~-0.38;P=0.003;I2=0%)。非常低质量证据表明,冷冻疗法与阿片类药物消耗的减少相关(平均差异:每48小时每kg的吗啡mg当量-0.13;-0.26~-0.01;P=0.03;I2=86%),与疼痛改善相关(平均差异:第2天时的视觉模拟量表-0.51;95% CI,-1.00~-0.02;P<0.05;I2=62%)。低质量或非常低质量证据表明,连续被动运动和术前运动对疼痛改善和阿片类药物消耗减少无作用:对于连续被动运动,视觉模拟量表的平均差异为-0.05(-0.35~0.25;P=0.74;I2=52%),第1和2周时阿片类药物消耗为6.58(-6.33~19.49;P=0.32;I2=87%);对于术前运动,西安大略和McMaster大学关节炎指数量表的平均差异为-0.14(-1.11~0.84;P=0.78;I2=65%)。

结论和意义:在本meta分析中,全膝关节置换术后进行电疗和针灸与阿片类药物消耗的减少和延迟相关。

原始出处

Tedesco D, Gori D, Desai KR, et al. Drug-Free Interventions to Reduce Pain or Opioid Consumption After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Surg. 2017 Oct 18;152(10):e172872. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2017.2872. Epub 2017 Oct 18.

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createdTime=Thu Dec 28 07:37:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1576590, encodeId=3cae15e6590f7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48fee966468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#置换术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79664, encryptionId=48fee966468, topicName=置换术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Thu Dec 28 07:37:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-04-12 yxch48
  4. 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  5. 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  6. 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  7. 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beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=29644, encryptionId=6a96296444d, topicName=全膝关节置换术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e2c339, createdName=by2009, createdTime=Thu Dec 28 07:37:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1309080, encodeId=f73913090802a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a0179e879ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿片类#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97879, encryptionId=a0179e879ac, topicName=阿片类)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7e12358, createdName=lhlxtx, createdTime=Thu Dec 28 07:37:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1390097, encodeId=9522139009e1d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c4d0858e23b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#膝关节置换术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85872, encryptionId=c4d0858e23b, topicName=膝关节置换术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a0802500050, createdName=肉我只吃一口, createdTime=Thu Dec 28 07:37:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1548391, encodeId=ea4c1548391da, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=39bf2964295' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#全膝关节置换#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=29642, encryptionId=39bf2964295, topicName=全膝关节置换)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2e4014073525, createdName=12498f6em11暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Dec 28 07:37:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1576590, encodeId=3cae15e6590f7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48fee966468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#置换术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79664, encryptionId=48fee966468, topicName=置换术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Thu Dec 28 07:37:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-28 lhlxtx
  8. 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  9. 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  10. 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