Nat Genet:突变竟能影响免疫水平变化

2017-06-21 MedSci MedSci原创

免疫球蛋白是适应性体液免疫系统的效应分子,它保护生命体免受病原体侵染,同时也可能是自身免疫疾病的发病原。尽管免疫球蛋白产物和其效应因子的功能已被彻底研究,是已知的免疫缺陷遗传病,普通人群中的免疫球蛋白水平变化的遗传学基础还未可知。这项研究为我们研究体液免疫调控打开了新思路。

免疫球蛋白是适应性体液免疫系统的效应分子,它保护生命体免受病原体侵染,同时也可能是自身免疫疾病的发病原。尽管免疫球蛋白产物和其效应因子的功能已被彻底研究,是已知的免疫缺陷遗传病,普通人群中的免疫球蛋白水平变化的遗传学基础还未可知。

为了探明遗传突变对免疫球蛋白水平的影响,研究人员选取了九种免疫球蛋白性状进行了全基因组关联分析(GWAS)。首先,分别测定了IgA, IgG 和 IgM水平;其次,对6个复合的免疫球蛋白性状开展了进一步分析。采用复杂性状进行研究的基本原理在于,不同免疫球蛋白同种型的产生和调控机制部分重叠,序列变异可能会对免疫球蛋白水平带来复杂效应,也就说突变可能会影响到多个同种型。因此,研究人员决定要找到那些可以同时调控多个同种型免疫球蛋白浓度的突变位点。在数据处理方面,采用了对数变化、线性组合等方式对结果进行标准化。

在这项包括19,219个体的基因组关联分析研究中,最终发现了32个基因位点上的38个新的突变位点和5个已知突变位点的重复,与IgA, IgG, IgM水平或复杂免疫球蛋白性状相关。这些突变同样会影响自身免疫疾病、血液恶性肿瘤的风险和血细胞发育。值得注意的是,在RUNX3基因上的一个罕见突变可以通过改变同种型的比例而降低lgA水平(rs188468174[C>T]: P = 8.3 × 10−55, β = −0.90 s.d.),FCGR2B基因的框内缺失突变会阻止lgG和受体结合(p.Asn106del: P = 4.2 × 10−8, β = 1.03 s.d.),4个IGH位点突变会影响同种型类别转换,还有10个与HLA区域相关联。

这项研究为我们研究体液免疫调控打开了新思路。

原始出处:
Stefan Jonsson, et al. Identification of sequence variants influencing immunoglobulin levels. Nature Genetics (2017). DOI:10.1038/ng.3897

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    2017-10-15 canlab
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    2017-10-15 liye789132251
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