JNCI:DPYD变异能够作为5-FU在结肠癌辅助化疗中毒性的预测因子(NCCTG N0147)

2014-11-12 MedSci译 MedSci原创

研究背景:5-FU在体内的分解经过3个酶促催化步骤完成,其中二氢嘧啶脱氢酶(dihydropyrimide dehydrogenase,DPYD/DPD)是嘧啶类分解代谢的起始和限速酶,将5-FU还原为二氢氟尿嘧啶(FUH2),再经过另外2种酶催化形成最终代谢产物经肾脏排出体外。DPYD作为5-FU分解过程的关键酶,其活性高低直接决定了5-FU进入合成代谢和产生核苷酸类似物的量。药代动力学研究显示

研究背景:


5-FU在体内的分解经过3个酶促催化步骤完成,其中二氢嘧啶脱氢酶(dihydropyrimide dehydrogenase,DPYD/DPD)是嘧啶类分解代谢的起始和限速酶,将5-FU还原为二氢氟尿嘧啶(FUH2),再经过另外2种酶催化形成最终代谢产物经肾脏排出体外。DPYD作为5-FU分解过程的关键酶,其活性高低直接决定了5-FU进入合成代谢和产生核苷酸类似物的量。药代动力学研究显示DPYD活性缺乏可导致5-FU体内清除受阻,半衰期显著延长,分解减弱而合成增加,导致5-FU在血浆中浓度的升高,细胞毒性也相应增强,从而引起毒副反应的发生。迄今为止已确定DPYD基因有近40种不同的突变和多态性,其中DPYD×2A、D949V及I560S已被研究证实与5-FU的毒性增加相关。然而,他们在5-FU为基础的联合治疗中各自的作用,目前仍存在一定的争议,需要在系统的、具备正规的临床资料的大宗病例对照试验研究中进一步得到证实。

研究方法:

本研究入组2886 名III期结肠癌患者,在随机III期临床试验中给予FOLFOX或FOLFIRI辅助治疗,单独或联合西妥昔单抗,并检测了功能性缺失型的DPYD变异与药物毒性之间的关系。研究采用Logistic回归分析评估单变量和多变量相关关系。所有统计检验均为双侧。

研究结果:

在获得完整的不良事件(AE)的数据的2594例患者中,3级或更大的5-FU不良事件在DPYD×2A、I560S及D949V携带者中的发生率分别为22/25(88%)、2/4(50%)和22/27(81.5%)。在DPYD×2A(比值比[OR] = 15.21,95%置信区间[CI] = 4.54~50.96,P <0.001)和D949V(OR = 9.10,95% CI为3.43~24.10,P <0.001)变异中发现,他们与3级或更高的5-FU不良事件的发生存在统计上显著相关关系。在多变量相关分析中同样地发现了上述的有统计学意义的相关关系。在统计分析中,DPYD×2A变异特异性地与不良事件中的恶心/呕吐(P =0.007)和中性粒细胞减少(P<0.001)显著相关,而D949V变异则与脱水(P =0.02)、腹泻(P=0.003)、白细胞减少(P =0.002)、中性粒细胞减少(P <0.001)及血小板减少(P<0.001)显著相关。虽然两个携带I560S变异的患者发生大于3级5-FU相关不良事件,但由于其发生率较低(P =0.48),暂无法证明此在统计学上的具有显著相关关系。

研究结论:

本研究为迄今为止规模最大的相关研究。研究发现在以5-FU为基础的辅助化疗患者中,DPYD变异(DPYD×2A和D949V)与3级或更高的5-FU 不良反应的发病率的增加在统计学上具有显著的相关关系。

原始出处:

Lee AM, Shi Q, Pavey E, Alberts SR, Sargent DJ, Sinicrope FA, Berenberg JL, Goldberg RM, Diasio RB: DPYD Variants as Predictors of 5-fluorouracil Toxicity in Adjuvant Colon Cancer Treatment (NCCTG N0147). J Natl Cancer Inst 2014, 106.

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    2014-12-13 wshxjq
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    2014-11-14 mashirong
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