N Engl J Med:度鲁特韦(Dolutegravir)作为儿童HIV-1感染的一线或二线治疗优于标准治疗

2022-01-01 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

在世界范围内,估计有180万15岁以下的儿童和青少年感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)。人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)感染儿童有效抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)的选择有限,结局始终较差。度鲁特韦是一种第二

在世界范围内,估计有180万15岁以下的儿童和青少年感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)。人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)感染儿童有效抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)的选择有限,结局始终较差。度鲁特韦是一种第二代HIV整合酶链转移抑制剂(INSTI),已在涉及成人的试验中显示有效,并正在国家治疗项目中迅速推出。

实验方法:

我们进行了一项开放性、随机、非劣效性试验,在开始一线或二线ART的儿童和青少年中比较了基于HIV整合酶抑制剂度鲁特韦的三药ART与标准治疗(非度鲁特韦ART)。主要终点是96周时病毒学或临床治疗失败的受试者比例,通过Kaplan–Meier方法估计。同时评估安全性。

实验结果:

从2016年9月至2018年6月,共有707名体重至少14 kg的儿童和青少年被随机分配接受基于Dolutegravir的ART(350名参与者)或标准治疗(357名)。中位年龄为12.2岁(范围:2.9-18.0),中位体重为30.7 kg(范围:14.0-85.0),49%的受试者为女孩。

根据设计,311例受试者(44%)开始一线ART(标准治疗组92%的受试者接受基于依法韦仑的ART),396例(56%)开始二线ART(标准治疗组98%的受试者接受基于增强蛋白酶抑制剂的ART)。中位随访时间为142周。

到96周时,Dolutegravir组47例受试者和标准治疗组75例受试者治疗失败(估计概率,0.14 vs. 0.22;差异,-0.08;95%置信区间,-0.14至-0.03;P = 0.004)。一线和二线治疗的治疗效果相似(异质性P = 0.16)。(见图1和表2)

Dolutegravir组和标准治疗组分别共有35例和40例受试者发生至少1起严重不良事件(P = 0.53),分别有73例和86例受试者发生至少1起≥3级不良事件(P = 0.24)。Dolutegravir组和标准治疗组分别有5例和17例受试者发生至少1例ART修饰不良事件(P = 0.01)。(见表4)

在接受一线治疗的受试者(ODYSSEY A队列)中,Dolutegravir组在治疗失败后均未发生重大耐药突变(根据国际AIDS协会的定义)。在标准治疗组的29例参与者中,截至第96周病毒学治疗失败,且治疗后失败耐药性检测可用于该药物类别,18例参与者(62%)有NRTI相关突变,27例(93%)有NNRTI相关突变,没有蛋白酶抑制剂相关突变;大多数突变是新的。(见表3)

图1:在48、96和144周时病毒学或临床治疗失败的参与者比例的差异

表2:以Dolutegravir为基础的ART与标准治疗疗效终点比较

表3:基于Dolutegravir的ART和标准治疗的基因型耐药性比较

表4:基于Dolutegravir的ART与标准治疗的安全性终点比较

结论:

在这项涉及开始一线或二线治疗的HIV-1感染儿童和青少年的试验中,基于Dolutegravir的ART优于标准治疗

 

原文链接:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34965338/

Dolutegravir as First- or Second-Line Treatment for HIV-1 Infection in Children

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    2022-02-17 haouestc
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    2022-08-18 spoonycyy
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