Cancer Cell:科学家发现可指示人类癌症预后效果的关键免疫细胞

2014-10-21 佚名 生物谷

近日,一项发表在国际杂志Cancer Cell上的研究论文中,来自加州大学旧金山分校(University Of California San Francisco)的研究人员通过研究在肿瘤中发现了一种新型的免疫细胞或许和人类癌症预后良好直接相关。 文章中研究者对患12种不同类型癌症的3600名个体进行研究,同时进行小鼠实验。研究者表示,这种特殊免疫细胞的存在或许可以帮助当前的免疫疗法来增强机

近日,一项发表在国际杂志Cancer Cell上的研究论文中,来自加州大学旧金山分校(University Of California San Francisco)的研究人员通过研究在肿瘤中发现了一种新型的免疫细胞或许和人类癌症预后良好直接相关。

文章中研究者对患12种不同类型癌症的3600名个体进行研究,同时进行小鼠实验。研究者表示,这种特殊免疫细胞的存在或许可以帮助当前的免疫疗法来增强机体T淋巴细胞的效应来抵御机体癌症。Krummel教授表示,我们发现了一种罕见类型的细胞,其在大多数肿瘤中都存在,但是非常稀少,这种细胞可以帮助增强机体针对肿瘤的免疫排斥反应。

肿瘤可以生长到很大的尺寸并且可以实现部分扩散,因为其可以颠覆机体免疫系统;癌症会抑制免疫系统中T淋巴细胞的激活,而我们熟悉的抗原呈递细胞需要激活T淋巴细胞来诱发T淋巴细胞攻击癌细胞,但是在癌症中,肿瘤相关的巨噬细胞则会使得T淋巴细胞处于休眠状态而不会激活,并且同时会促进血管的发育来不断补给肿瘤促进其生长。

研究者将发现的细胞命名为抗原呈递CD103+树突细胞,其在,抗原呈递细胞中所占比例不到1%。进一步研究发现,抗原呈递CD103+树突细胞中的一种特殊分子可以作为识别该细胞的分子标记,而且以该分子为靶点会增强细胞激活T淋巴细胞的能力;相比该分子标记较弱的患者来讲,抗原呈递CD103+树突细胞分子标记越强的患者,其生存时间越长。

尽管研究者们意识到了抗原呈递CD103+树突细胞的重要,但是此前在机体中并未发现该细胞,研究者希望可以通过改变这些细胞的数量来开发新型治疗癌症的疗法。抗原呈递CD103+树突细胞和癌症预后结果较好之间的关联在头颈癌及乳腺癌患者机体中表现尤为明显。CD103+树突细胞的特性和癌症预后之间的关联或许可以帮助研究人员通过机体的免疫反应更早地进行癌症的检测,后期研究者们还希望在癌症患者的免疫细胞中发现特殊的靶向基因,来加速研究者对癌症发病机制的研究。

原始出处

Miranda L. Broz1, Mikhail Binnewies1, Bijan Boldajipour1, Amanda E. Nelson1, Joshua L. Pollack2, David J. Erle2, Andrea Barczak2, Michael D. Rosenblum3, Adil Daud4, Diane L. Barber5, Sebastian Amigorena7, Laura J. van’t Veer6, Anne I. Sperling8, Denise M. Wolf6, Matthew F. Krummel1.Dissecting the Tumor Myeloid Compartment Reveals Rare Activating Antigen-Presenting Cells Critical for T Cell Immunity.Cancer Cell.2014

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    2015-09-16 维他命
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