JAMA:红细胞输注或可增加PCI术后心脏不良事件风险

2014-03-04 坞霜降 dxy

有研究指出在急性冠脉综合征患者中,红细胞输注使用情况存在一定的差异。同时,在冠心病治疗中,红细胞输注方案本身就备受争议。目前没有确凿的证据阐述该方案的治疗作用,另一方面,也没有相关数据可以证明该方案的不良作用。【原文下载】而事实上,尽管对于红细胞输注尚存争议,临床医生在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)中还是会对部分患者进行红细胞输注。但是,我们必须面对的事实是:我们并没有完全掌握这种治疗方式的利弊与

有研究指出在急性冠脉综合征患者中,红细胞输注使用情况存在一定的差异。同时,在冠心病治疗中,红细胞输注方案本身就备受争议。目前没有确凿的证据阐述该方案的治疗作用,另一方面,也没有相关数据可以证明该方案的不良作用。【原文下载】

而事实上,尽管对于红细胞输注尚存争议,临床医生在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)中还是会对部分患者进行红细胞输注。但是,我们必须面对的事实是:我们并没有完全掌握这种治疗方式的利弊与得失。

为了对PCI患者红细胞输注方案的开展情况及模式进行统计,证明该方案是否与心脏不良事件有关,美国研究者开展了相关研究,其成果发表于上周的JAMA杂志。

此回顾性队列研究选取了2258711名接受PCI治疗的患者,所有患者均从CathPCI风险评分系统登记中选取,时间跨度为2009年7月至2013年3月。同时,研究者排除了那些出血并发症数据不全的患者,以及接受心脏冠脉搭桥手术的患者。

主要观察指标包括,接受红细胞输注的患者占全体患者的比例,以及每个医院接受红细胞输注的患者的比例。研究者也评估了输血与心肌梗死、中风及死亡的相关性,其中包括患者主动要求输血的情况。



研究结果显示,输血的整体比率为2.14%,而从2009年7月至2013年3月,季度输血比率一直处于下降趋势,由2.11%降至2.04%。输血适用性方面,含有以下因素接受红细胞输注的可能性更高:老年、女性、高血压糖尿病、进展性肾功能不全、心肌梗死病史或心衰病史。

总体看来,在96.3%的医院,其PCI治疗的患者仅小于5%的比例接受红细胞输注,而在剩下的3.7%医院,该比例不小于5%。数据校正后,该方案的风险标准化比例在医院间的差异依然存在,而且医院的输血阈值也存在差异。

更为重要的是,尽管研究者排除了出血并发症这一情况,统计结果仍然显示,接受红细胞输注与心肌梗死、中风及医院内死亡的发生率增高存在相关性。

从研究中可以得出,在PCI治疗中,医院间使用红细胞输注的情况也存在差异,这不仅表现在人群接受比例,也体现在输血阈值的选择上。同时,研究指出红细胞输注或可造成PCI术后心脏不良事件风险及死亡率的升高,这应该引起临床医生的重视。

最后,研究者指出,该观察性研究尚需进一步的临床对照实验研究来验证结论的正确性。而读者也应注意的是,研究中样本的来源均为美国医院,这或许存在一定的样本偏移。

原始出处:
Sherwood MW1, Wang Y2, Curtis JP2, Peterson ED1, Rao SV1.Patterns and outcomes of red blood cell transfusion in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.JAMA. 2014 Feb 26;311(8):836-43. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.980.【原文下载】

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    2014-04-10 zxl736
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