NEJM:奥氮平可显著改善化疗引起的恶心和呕吐的预防治疗

2016-07-14 崔倩 译 MedSci原创

研究人员研究了奥氮平对接受高致吐化疗的患者预防恶心和呕吐的疗效。原始出处:Rudolph M. Navari,Rui Qin,Kathryn J. Ruddy,et al.Olanzapine for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting,NEJM,2016.7.14

研究人员研究了奥氮平对接受高致吐化疗的患者预防恶心和呕吐的疗效。

在一项随机、双盲、3期临床试验中,研究人员比较了奥氮平与安慰剂,联合地塞米松、阿瑞吡坦或福沙吡坦和5-羟色胺3型受体拮抗剂对于无既往化疗正在接受顺铂(≥70毫克每平方米体表面积),或环磷酰胺阿霉素的患者的疗效。两组患者化疗前后接受三个伴随药物的剂量相似。两组患者在第1至4天接受口服10毫克奥氮平或安慰剂。恶心预防是主要终点;完全缓解(无呕吐,无急救药物的使用)是次要终点。

在分析中,共包括380例可进行评估的患者(192例接受奥氮平,188例接受安慰剂)。在三个时期,奥氮平组的患者无化疗引起的恶心的患者比例比安慰剂组显著增加,分别为:化疗后第一个24小时(74% vs 45%,p=0.002),化疗后25至120小时(42% vs 25%,p=0.002),整体120小时(37% vs 22%,p=0.002)。在这三个时期,奥氮平组的完全缓解率显著增加:分别为86% vs 65%(P<0.001),67% vs 52%(P=0.007),以及64% vs 41%(P<0.001)。虽然没有5级的毒性作用,有的患者接受了奥氮平后第2天镇静增加(5%严重)。

对于之前未接受化疗,但目前正在接受高强度致吐化疗的患者,与安慰剂相比,奥氮平可以显著改善恶心预防,以及完全缓解率。

原始出处:

Rudolph M. Navari,Rui Qin,Kathryn J. Ruddy,et al.Olanzapine for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting,NEJM,2016.7.14

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    2019-06-18 145b0f37m47暂无昵称

    学习

    0

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    2016-07-18 doctorJiangchao

    很好的指导了临床

    0

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    2016-07-18 doctorJiangchao

    继续关注和学习

    0

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    2016-07-18 doctorJiangchao

    值得收藏

    0

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美国食品药品管理局(FDA)正在对两例患者因注射礼来公司长效精神分裂症药物Zyprexa Relprevv而死亡的情况进行审查。6月17日,FDA在其网站上发布公告称,两例患者在接受“合适剂量”的该款药物治疗后三至四天死亡,并且两例患者的血液中均有很高的血药水平。 这款药物的说明书中带有一项明显的“黑框警告”,提示这款药物注射后有谵妄镇静综合症(PDSS)风险,这是一种注射以后药物进入