Nat Cell Biol:在体外首次培育出完整的功能胸腺器官

2014-10-02 MedSci MedSci原创

英国爱丁堡大学近日发布新闻公报称,该校研究人员成功通过细胞重组技术,利用实验室培养的细胞培育出功能完全的胸腺。这是科学家首次利用体外细胞培育出完整的活体器官,对于开发新的疗法治疗免疫功能低下等疾病具有重要意义。这项研究中,研究人员首先从小鼠胚胎中提取纤维母细胞,利用细胞重组技术将其转变成一种完全不同类型的细胞。该重组细胞不仅在外形上和胸腺细胞一样,并且同样具有支持T细胞发育的能力。随后,研究人员将

英国爱丁堡大学近日发布新闻公报称,该校研究人员成功通过细胞重组技术,利用实验室培养的细胞培育出功能完全的胸腺。这是科学家首次利用体外细胞培育出完整的活体器官,对于开发新的疗法治疗免疫功能低下等疾病具有重要意义。

这项研究中,研究人员首先从小鼠胚胎中提取纤维母细胞,利用细胞重组技术将其转变成一种完全不同类型的细胞。该重组细胞不仅在外形上和胸腺细胞一样,并且同样具有支持T细胞发育的能力。随后,研究人员将重组细胞与其他胸腺细胞混合后移植到小鼠体内,最终这些细胞成功发育成与成熟胸腺具有同样结构和功能的活体器官。这是科学家首次通过细胞重组技术,利用体外细胞培育出完整的活体器官。

“我们的研究向培育用于临床的人工胸腺的目标迈出了极其关键的一步。”爱丁堡大学MRC再生医学中心的克莱尔·布莱克本教授说。

胸腺是机体的重要淋巴器官,位于心脏附近,对免疫系统至关重要,因为它可以生产抵抗感染的T细胞。对于胸腺疾病的治疗来说,向体内注射免疫细胞或在出生不久后进行胸腺移植是主要的治疗手段,但这些治疗手段却因捐助者稀少及配型问题而无法普及。爱丁堡大学的这一新研究成果则有望改变这一窘境。

虽然研究人员表示,将这一研究成果安全、可控地用于临床还需要进行更多的研究,但无论是受遗传影响而胸腺发育不全的新生儿,还是因年龄而胸腺急剧萎缩的老年人,将来都可从中受益。此外,如进行骨髓移植的病患,也同样可以从中受益,因为新疗法或可以帮助他们在骨髓移植后快速重建免疫系统。


科学家近几年已经从单个细胞增殖出了部分的肝脏和心脏;去年还用细胞培育出胎儿级别的大脑。但养出能成功移植的器官,还是第一次。当然,胸腺属于结构最简单的器官,想用上人造的心肝脾肺肾,怎么着也得十年以上。人世间一大辛酸事,就是病患等不上移植器官就撒手人寰。培育器官代替捐献器官总有实现的那天,只希望我们还来得及享受这一福利。

原始出处:
Bredenkamp N, Ulyanchenko S, O'Neill KE, Manley NR, Vaidya HJ, Blackburn CC.An organized and functional thymus generated from FOXN1-reprogrammed fibroblasts. Nat Cell Biol. 2014 Sep;16(9):902-8.

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    2015-01-12 sunylz
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    2015-01-05 维他命
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    2014-10-05 liye789132251
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