NAT STRUCT MOL BIOL:酶的冻结作用使科学家提出新的癌症治疗观点!

2017-07-04 佚名 medicalxpress

经过数百万年的发展,细胞已经开发出无数的方法来调节使它们蓬勃发展的过程。特别有用的工具已经被保存下来,或者是“保存”,所以今天我们可以从广泛的生命形式中找到它们,从原始到最复杂。 冷泉港实验室(CSHL)结构生物学家于2017年7月3日发表的研究揭示了一种这样的保守机制的运作,对新型癌症药物的发展具有重要意义。

经过数百万年的发展,细胞已经开发出无数的方法来调节使它们蓬勃发展的过程。特别有用的工具已经被保存下来,或者是“保存”,所以今天我们可以从广泛的生命形式中找到它们,从原始到最复杂。

冷泉港实验室(CSHL)结构生物学家于2017年7月3日发表的研究揭示了一种这样的保守机制的运作,对新型癌症药物的发展具有重要意义。

由CSHL教授和霍华德·休斯医学研究所研究员Leemor Joshua-Tor领导,该团队使用X射线晶体学技术捕获了称为TUTases的一类酶的冻结。以单个原子的分辨率显示它们与其他分子相互作用以调节称为let-7的重要小RNA分子的活性。

Let-7,一种microRNA,是发育重要基因的调节因子。当在人类中表达时,它是我们的干细胞分化成填充我们器官的各种特殊细胞类型的过程的一部分。在干细胞维持其“干性” - 其无限期向更多干细胞产生的能力的情况下,let-7需要停用。

Let-7是特别令人感兴趣的,因为其在癌细胞中的失活被一些人认为赋予这些细胞能够无限期地增殖的干细胞样特性。这一点集中注意了解调节let-7是活动还是非活动的机制。

该团队的图片显示TUT4和TUT7 - 两种TUTase酶在两种情况下的行为方式不同。在一个分化细胞中,TUTase修正了许多let-7前体序列中的一个小的遗传诱导缺陷,使得能够产生成熟的let-7微小RNA。当TUTase在let-7前体的序列中添加单个尿苷(“u”)分子时,可以改善这些缺陷。

在注射保留其干细胞时,其中一个TUTase对let-7前体不是添加一个而是添加30个尿苷,以这种方式将其标记为被另一种酶破坏。约书亚·托姆说:“我们已经能够以这两种不同的行动方式捕获TUTases。

Joshua-Tor解释说,TUTases是新癌症治疗的有希望的靶标。例如在let-7水平远低于正常值的肾癌和肺癌细胞中,可能会抑制涉及标记let-7以破坏的TUTase。有极高分辨率的图像,他们如何在分子舞蹈中行动,应该有助于这一努力。

原始出处:
Christopher R Faehnle,Jack Walleshauser& Leemor Joshua-Tor.Multi-domain utilization by TUT4 and TUT7 in control of let-7 biogenesis, Nature Structural and Molecular Biology (2017). 

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    2017-09-24 日月
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    2017-11-22 liye789132251
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    2018-01-24 sunylz
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