AIM:降糖药物降低心血管死亡风险各不同 二甲双胍效果更好

2016-04-22 佚名 不详

  最近一项发表在国际学术期刊Annals of Internal Medicine上的综述文章中,来自美国约翰斯霍普金斯医学院的研究人员利用荟萃分析的方法对204项临床研究的结果进行了分析,这些研究总共包含了超过140万参与者。他们的分析结果表明目前最常用的2型糖尿病治疗药物之一——二甲双胍能够降低病人死于心脏疾病的风险,并且与磺脲类降糖药相比,二甲双胍能够将这种风险降低大约30%

 

最近一项发表在国际学术期刊Annals of Internal Medicine上的综述文章中,来自美国约翰斯霍普金斯医学院的研究人员利用荟萃分析的方法对204项临床研究的结果进行了分析,这些研究总共包含了超过140万参与者。他们的分析结果表明目前最常用的2型糖尿病治疗药物之一——二甲双胍能够降低病人死于心脏疾病的风险,并且与磺脲类降糖药相比,二甲双胍能够将这种风险降低大约30%到40%。

该研究的目的在于评估多种降糖药物的相对效果和风险。目前糖尿病影响了全美大约10%的人口,逐渐成为一个公众健康威胁,大多数人需要进行药物治疗。

文章作者Maruthur表示心血管事件导致的死亡是血糖失控病人面临的主要风险,但之前从未有研究对不同降糖药降低心血管事件导致死亡的相对作用进行比较。该文章对之前两项关于降糖药物作用效果的分析研究进行了更新,而最近一项发表的分析结果要追溯到2011年。从2011年至今共有超过100项新研究对不同降糖药物的作用效果进行比较,在这之间也有一些新的降糖药上市。

在该文章分析的204项研究中,大多数为短期研究,只有22项观察研究持续时间超过两年。这些研究中的参与者多数存在超重以及血糖水平失调的情况,许多研究排除了年龄偏大或存在其他健康问题的病人。

作者表示,他们进行的这项最新分析不仅研究了心血管疾病,还对其他的一些药物作用,比如血糖控制及其他常见副作用,包括体重增加,低血糖症以及胃肠道问题进行了分析。多数2型糖尿病病人最终会使用多种降糖药物,因此研究人员评估了药物单独使用以及联合使用的作用效果。部分研究的参与者通过注射胰岛素来帮助控制血糖,在该文章中研究人员只在与其他药物联用的情况下进行分析。

该研究揭示DPP-4抑制剂的降糖效果明显弱于二甲双胍和磺脲类药物。

在副作用方面,一类叫做SGLT-2抑制剂的新型药物会导致大约10%的使用者出现酵母感染,但该类药物与GLP-1受体激动剂联合使用能够帮助病人减轻体重。另一方面,磺脲类药物会引起体重增加,并且在口服降糖药中该类药物引起低血糖症的频率最高。

研究人员也指出,这种荟萃分析存在局限性,主要是由于不同研究的操作流程和测量方法不同所导致的,因此他们采取了一些措施将使用类似方法的研究结合在一起进行分析,除此之外他们还排除了服用其他非糖尿病治疗药物的研究。

总的来说,这些结果表明二甲双胍的降糖效果与磺脲类药物旗鼓相当,作者还表示,他们的这些最新发现也与目前二甲双胍被推荐为一线治疗药物的情况相一致。而医生和病人必须做出的选择是究竟选择哪种药物与二甲双胍一起联用。该文章建议,由于不同药物具有不同的效果和副作用,因此二线药物的选择必须根据每个病人的具体情况进行选择。

原始出处:

Maruthur NM,Tseng E, Hutfless S, Wilson LM, Suarez-Cuervo C, Berger Z, Chu Y, Iyoha E, Segal JB, Bolen S. Diabetes Medications as Monotherapy or Metformin-Based Combination Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2016 Apr 19. doi: 10.7326/M15-2650.

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    2016-04-26 jjzouyan

    原来是他最好

    0

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