Anesth Analg:术前短期血糖控制可有效减少糖尿病围手术期感染

2015-07-09 嗷大森 MedSci原创

随着外科手术患者年龄范围逐渐扩大,因各种疾病需行手术治疗的糖尿病患者也日益增多。围手术期高血糖是糖尿病患者感染的独立危险因素,因为长期高血糖有利于细菌繁殖生长,加之糖尿病患者免疫功能低下,中性粒细胞功能异常、单核细胞活力下降、抗体生成减少、组织愈合能力差等,造成患有糖尿病的病人和动物更易在外科手术中出现细菌感染。 围手术期血糖的控制程度,决定患者术前等待时间长短、术后是否会出现各种并发症


随着外科手术患者年龄范围逐渐扩大,因各种疾病需行手术治疗的糖尿病患者也日益增多。围手术期高血糖是糖尿病患者感染的独立危险因素,因为长期高血糖有利于细菌繁殖生长,加之糖尿病患者免疫功能低下,中性粒细胞功能异常、单核细胞活力下降、抗体生成减少、组织愈合能力差等,造成患有糖尿病的病人和动物更易在外科手术中出现细菌感染。

围手术期血糖的控制程度,决定患者术前等待时间长短、术后是否会出现各种并发症、围手术期感染的发生率及严重程度,并影响术后手术创面或刀口的愈合。尽管多个回顾性研究显示血糖控制可以减少心脏外科手术术后细菌感染的几率,但针对非心脏外科手术的血糖控制指导方针却不多。本次研究,我们探讨长期(手术前两周)或者短期(仅在手术前)持续到手术后的血糖控制是否能减少1型糖尿病大鼠手术部位的感染几率。

方法:通过注射链脲霉素诱导大鼠1型糖尿病模型。四组动物进行模拟手术并且在术中在大鼠大腿肌肉处给予金黄色葡萄球菌(1×108个集落形成单位)。第1组糖尿病大鼠仅在术前接受胰岛素治疗并且持续到本次研究结束(短期血糖控制组)。第2组糖尿病大鼠在术前2周接受胰岛素治疗并且持续到本次研究结束(长期血糖控制组)。第3组糖尿病大鼠不接受胰岛素治疗(非血糖控制组)。第4组为非糖尿病大鼠(健康对照组)。在术后3或6天对大鼠施以无痛致死术并且测量血糖和肌肉细菌负荷。


 
结果:进行长期和短期胰岛素治疗的糖尿病大鼠,血糖均得到控制。与未进行治疗的糖尿病大鼠相比,两组血糖得到控制的糖尿病大鼠在术后3天(P<0.003)及术后6天(P<0.0001)肌肉细菌负荷均显著降低。
 


结论:在术前即时开始的有细菌接触的短期血糖控制方案,和长期血糖控制一样可有效减少1型糖尿病大鼠手术部位的感染。这些动物实验的数据表明,患有1型糖尿病的外科病人在进行非心脏手术前进行即时的血糖控制可减少感染的风险,围手术期胰岛素的用量以血糖控制水平的需要而定,并预防低血糖的发生。

原始出处:

Kroin JS1, Buvanendran A, Li J, Moric M, Im HJ, Tuman KJ, Shafikhani SH.Short-term glycemic control is effective in reducing surgical site infection in diabetic rats.Anesth Analg. 2015 Jun;120(6):1289-96. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000650.

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    2016-04-02 经常头晕
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    2016-05-14 AspirantSuo
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    2015-07-21 qingfengqishi5

    有道理!

    0

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    2015-07-09 huaxipanxing

    看看

    0

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