Nature:溶酶体调控驱动癌细胞代谢

2015-08-25 佚名 生物谷

  在很多肿瘤中,癌细胞其实是受到了很大的应激压力的。这些应激压力来自很多方面,例如细胞环境中的过氧化物刺激、细胞核变异,同时细胞之间的接触抑制消失导致细胞分布过密而供氧和能量物质不充分。近些年来的研究表明,癌细胞在应激环境下会激活细胞内应激压力反应相关的信号通路来维持细胞代谢的动态平衡,通过这种策略可以保持细胞的持续存活。而细胞内的自噬作为一种主动性的细胞应激压力反应方式,对于肿

 

在很多肿瘤中,癌细胞其实是受到了很大的应激压力的。这些应激压力来自很多方面,例如细胞环境中的过氧化物刺激、细胞核变异,同时细胞之间的接触抑制消失导致细胞分布过密而供氧和能量物质不充分。近些年来的研究表明,癌细胞在应激环境下会激活细胞内应激压力反应相关的信号通路来维持细胞代谢的动态平衡,通过这种策略可以保持细胞的持续存活。而细胞内的自噬作为一种主动性的细胞应激压力反应方式,对于肿瘤的发展起着重要作用。

已有的研究证明,多种不同癌症的病情发展都伴随着高水平的自噬过程,这其中就包括胰腺导管腺癌(pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma,PDA)。细胞自噬是细胞中高度保守的自行降解过程,通过形成吞噬泡(囊泡),可见将细胞内不必要、不正常的部分包裹在囊泡中,并转运到溶酶体,并进一步进行降解消化。在溶酶体分解消化后的物质则可以继续作为细胞生长生存的原材料。因此,细胞的自噬过程既起到了清道夫的功能,还起到了废物循环利用的效果。美国马萨诸塞州的Rushika Perera和同事们,发现了细胞应激压力和自噬过程之间,在胰腺癌中导致细胞代谢被改变的一个新关联。相关研究发表在最新一期的Nature上。

在这项研究中,他们发现MiT/TFE家族转录因子的异常表达和组成性激活。研究人员通过分析人类胰腺管道癌PDA样本材料和细胞系材料,发现在这些样本的细胞中,细胞内自噬和溶酶体功能介导代谢的重新编程都有大大增加。在这个过程中,MiT/TFE 家族的转录因子介导了溶酶体的大量扩增和细胞内能量的分解再利用更加活跃。细胞整体的代谢谱分析表明,依赖于MiT/TFE 家族转录因子的细胞自噬-溶酶体激活,对于细胞内部氨基酸库的平衡有着重要意义。

这些发现说明,溶酶体调控是癌细胞中营养利用和能量平衡的一个焦点。在胰腺导管腺癌细胞中,细胞内部的“清理”机制最终与细胞自噬和溶酶体相关,这个细胞自噬-溶酶体激活途径则可以算是侵袭性癌症恶化标志。针对这个细胞自噬途径的分析和监控,可以作为肿瘤病情发展的一个指标。同时,因为细胞自噬-溶酶体激活途径是癌细胞维持代谢平衡的一个关键信号通路,针对这个信号通路的抑制可能会是遏制癌细胞的增殖和生产提供新的思路。

原文出处:

Rushika M. Perera,et al.Transcriptional control of autophagy–lysosome function drives pancreatic cancer metabolism.nature.2015

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    2016-03-10 liye789132251
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    2015-08-28 Jianghuiqin

    受启发了!

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    2015-08-27 yxch36
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