ATM机器究竟暗藏多少细菌?让RNA测序来告诉你

2016-11-21 生物通 薄荷 生物通 薄荷

比起在银行柜台排队取钱,使用自动柜员机(ATM)算是一种非常便捷的方式。不过,大家要小心,ATM可是暗藏了不少的细菌。近日,纽约大学的研究人员对纽约市多台ATM键盘上的细菌和真菌进行测序分析,发现了一系列微生物代表,不过总体多样性较低。

比起在银行柜台排队取钱,使用自动柜员机(ATM)算是一种非常便捷的方式。不过,大家要小心,ATM可是暗藏了不少的细菌。近日,纽约大学的研究人员对纽约市多台ATM键盘上的细菌和真菌进行测序分析,发现了一系列微生物代表,不过总体多样性较低。


纽约大学的Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello和 Jane Carlton是文章的共同通讯作者。她们表示:“我们的结果表明,ATM键盘集合了不同来源的微生物组合,包括人类微生物组、食物上的真核生物以及潜在的新型极端微生物。从ATM上获得的DNA可记录人类行为和微生物的环境来源。”  

研究小组于2014年6月和7月采集了纽约市曼哈顿、布鲁克林和皇后区的数十台ATM键盘上的细菌和真菌,包括4台室外机器,并利用Illumina MiSeq测序系统对66个拭子样品开展靶向的16S rRNA和18S rRNA测序。  

研究人员从全部66个样品中鉴定出细菌序列,并从48个样品中鉴定出真核序列。他们发现了通常存在于人类皮肤上的放线菌、拟杆菌、厚壁菌和变形菌家族中的成员。不过,他们的分析并没有指出这些微生物的单一来源。相反,作者指出,室外空气和家庭表面,如厨房、洗手间、针头和电视,都是微生物最常见的栖息地。  

研究团队进一步报告称,微生物群落的多样性相对有限,这可能反映了机器的定时清洁。例如,研究人员只检测到古细菌的9个可操作分类单元,但他们指出,利用引物来扩增16S rRNA序列可能丢失了一些古细菌的代表。变形虫及其他原生动物也相当有限。  

研究人员还从ATM键盘上鉴定出一些真核的序列,它们似乎来源于ATM周边的食物,从用户手上转移到键盘上。在唐人街和法拉盛附近的几台ATM上,研究人员发现了与鱼类和软体动物相关的遗传标记。哈莱姆区的一台ATM上有着与鸡相关的序列,而在曼哈顿的机器中则藏着一种名为Xeromyces bisporus的真菌,似乎与烘焙食品有关。  

作者写道:“尽管我们不能确定ATM键盘上X. bisporus的原始来源,但似乎有理由相信这种真菌是从处理过烘焙食物的人那里传过来的。特别是在曼哈顿这种交通枢纽地区,附近有许多便利店和咖啡馆出售这种类型的食品。”

原始出处:

Bik HM, Maritz JM, Luong A, Shin H, Dominguez-Bello MG, Carlton JM. 2016. Microbial community patterns associated with automated teller machine keypads in New York City. mSphere 1(6):e00226-16. 

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    2016-11-27 1e137bdcm70(暂无匿称)

    学习了,以后要注意多洗手了

    0

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    2016-11-24 知难而进

    谢谢分享!

    0

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